A closer look at endothelial injury-induced platelet hyperactivity and the use of aspirin in the treatment of COVID infection

Lichtenberger, Lenard M.; Szabó, Sándor

doi:10.1007/s10787-022-01015-w

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…SARS-CoV-2 contributes to platelet activation via various pathways, including directly binding to platelet surface, provoking endothelial injury, and sustaining the release of von Willebrand factor. 23 , 24 , 53 , 60 , 61 Firstly, SARS-CoV-2 directly binds to platelet angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which can stimulate platelets, release coagulation factors and inflammatory cytokines, and promote the formation of platelet aggregates, 54 and Eric Boilard et al consider that platelet alpha and dense granule are elevated in blood are the source of inflammatory cytokines. 53 At the same time, Milka Koupenova et al consider through ACE2 or attached to microparticle by taking up virions, platelets can internalize the virus, resulting in platelet programmed death and release of platelet content; this response contributes to dysregulated functionality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parameters and Morphological Changes of Erythrocytes and Platelets of COVID-19 Subjects: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Shen¹,

Chen²,

Chi³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Purpose Information about dynamic changes occurring in the parameters and morphology of erythrocytes and platelets during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and convalescence is scarce. To explore potential associations between dynamic erythrocyte and platelet parameters, morphological changes, and the course or severity of the disease is essential. Patients and Methods From January 17th, 2020, to February 20th, 2022, we followed up on 35 patients with non-severe and 11 patients with severe COVID-19 following their discharge. We collected clinical features, dynamic complete blood count (CBC), and peripheral blood smears (PBS) and analyzed parameter and morphological changes of erythrocytes and platelets depending on the course or severity of the disease. The course of the disease included four periods, namely onset (T1), discharge (T2), 1-year follow-up (T3), and 2-year follow-up (T4). Results Red blood cell (RBC) counts and hemoglobin were the lowest in T2, followed by T1, and lower in T1 and T2 than in T3 and T4. Inversely, the red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was the highest in T2, followed by T1, and higher than in T3 and T4. Compared to non-severe patients, the platelet of severe patients was lower in T1 and T2. In contrast, the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) tended to be higher in severe patients. Similarly, anisocytosis was more common in peripheral blood smears at early stages and in severe patients. Finally, large platelets were more common in severe patients. Conclusion Anisocytosis of erythrocytes and large platelets are found in patients with severe COVID-19, these changes may help primary hospitals to identify patients with a high risk of severe COVID-19 at an early stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Platelet aggregation and macroplatelets in COVID-19 patients were also observed in peripheral blood smears, which indicated platelet hyperactivity. [23][24][25] However, there are few dynamic studies on whether platelet parameters change during the disease and recovery from COVID- 19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameters and Morphological Changes of Erythrocytes and Platelets of COVID-19 Subjects: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Shen¹,

Chen²,

Chi³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Ultrastructural Blood Cell Changes in Patients with COVID-19

Kyyak,

Barnett,

Halkevych

et al. 2023

COVID

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Introduction:: Nowadays, the coronavirus disease COVID-19 is a global problem for the population of the whole world which has acquired the character of a pandemic. Under physiological conditions, in a healthy person, erythrocytes make up 96 % of all blood cells, leukocytes 3 %, and thrombocytes about 1 %. In healthy individuals, erythrocytes are mostly shaped like a biconcave disc and do not contain a nucleus. The diameter of the erythrocyte is 8 microns, but the peculiarities of the cell structure and the membrane structure ensure their great ability to deform and pass through capillaries with a narrow lumen of 2-3 microns. Therefore, the study of the morpho-functional state of blood cells, namely erythrocytes, in this category of patients is relevant and deserves further research. The Aim: To figure out the effect of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 on the ultrastructural blood cell changes, in particular erythrocytes, in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and diabetes mellitus type 2. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with COVID-19 who had an acute myocardial infarction were examined. The comparison group consisted of 10 people with acute myocardial infarction without symptoms of COVID-19. The average age of the patients was 62 ± 5,6 years. The functional state and ultrastructure of blood cells were studied using electron microscopy. Results:: In the presence of COVID-19, we detected both calcification and destruction of erythrocytes and platelets. Reticulocytes were detected much more often in these individuals than in the comparison group. In patients with acute myocardial infarction in the presence of type 2 diabetes and COVID-19, a significant number of markedly deformed, hemolyzed erythrocytes or with signs of acanthosis, which stuck together and with other destructively changed blood cells, were found. We also detected «neutrophils extracellular traps» (NETs). Conclusions:: Morphological changes of blood cells in COVID-19 varied according to the disease course and severity especially in the background of a weakened immune system in older and elderly people, in the presence of diabetes, excessive body weight, cardiovascular diseases and occupational hazards. Under the influence of COVID-19, blood cells are destroyed by apoptosis and necrosis. Therefore, hypoxia and ischemia of vital organs of the human body occur.

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Long Neuro-COVID-19: Current Mechanistic Views and Therapeutic Perspectives

Slama Schwok,

Henri

2024

Biomolecules

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Long-lasting COVID-19 (long COVID) diseases constitute a real life-changing burden for many patients around the globe and, overall, can be considered societal and economic issues. They include a variety of symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of smell (anosmia), and neurological–cognitive sequelae, such as memory loss, anxiety, brain fog, acute encephalitis, and stroke, collectively called long neuro-COVID-19 (long neuro-COVID). They also include cardiopulmonary sequelae, such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary damage, fibrosis, gastrointestinal dysregulation, renal failure, and vascular endothelial dysregulation, and the onset of new diabetes, with each symptom usually being treated individually. The main unmet challenge is to understand the mechanisms of the pathophysiologic sequelae, in particular the neurological symptoms. This mini-review presents the main mechanistic hypotheses considered to explain the multiple long neuro-COVID symptoms, namely immune dysregulation and prolonged inflammation, persistent viral reservoirs, vascular and endothelial dysfunction, and the disruption of the neurotransmitter signaling along various paths. We suggest that the nucleoprotein N of SARS-CoV-2 constitutes a “hub” between the virus and the host inflammation, immunity, and neurotransmission.

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A closer look at endothelial injury-induced platelet hyperactivity and the use of aspirin in the treatment of COVID infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Parameters and Morphological Changes of Erythrocytes and Platelets of COVID-19 Subjects: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Parameters and Morphological Changes of Erythrocytes and Platelets of COVID-19 Subjects: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Ultrastructural Blood Cell Changes in Patients with COVID-19

Long Neuro-COVID-19: Current Mechanistic Views and Therapeutic Perspectives

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