A Closer Look at Debiased Temporal Sentence Grounding in Videos: Dataset, Metric, and Approach

Abstract

Temporal Sentence Grounding in Videos (TSGV), which aims to ground a natural language sentence that indicates complex human activities in an untrimmed video, has drawn widespread attention over the past few years. However, recent studies have found that current benchmark datasets may have obvious moment annotation biases, enabling several simple baselines even without training to achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. In this paper, we take a closer look at existing evaluation protocols for TSGV, and find that both the prevailing dataset splits and evaluation metrics are the devils that lead to untrustworthy benchmarking. Therefore, we propose to re-organize the two widely-used datasets, making the ground-truth moment distributions different in the training and test splits, i.e., out-of-distribution (OOD) test. Meanwhile, we introduce a new evaluation metric "dR@𝑛,IoU@𝑚" that discounts the basic recall scores especially with small IoU thresholds, so as to alleviate the inflating evaluation caused by biased datasets with a large proportion of long ground-truth moments. New benchmarking results indicate that our proposed evaluation protocols can better monitor the research progress in TSGV. Furthermore, we propose a novel causality-based Multi-branch Deconfounding Debiasing (MDD) framework for unbiased moment prediction. Specifically, we design a multi-branch deconfounder to eliminate the effects caused by multiple confounders with causal intervention. In order to help the model better align the semantics between sentence queries and video moments, we enhance the representations during feature encoding. Specifically, for textual information, the query is parsed into several verb-centered phrases to obtain a more fine-grained textual feature. For visual information, the positional information has been decomposed from the moment features to enhance the representations of moments with diverse locations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed approach can achieve competitive results among existing SOTA approaches and outperform the base model with great gains.

Curriculum Multi-Negative Augmentation for Debiased Video Grounding

“…Some other methods attempt to view the VG problem from the perspective of causality and debias the base model with causal intervention(Yang et al 2021;Lan et al 2022;Bao and Mu 2022). To the best of our knowledge, our method is the first to adopt curriculum learning-based data augmentation for debiased video grounding, which is orthogonal to existing methods.…”