A clonal <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> population in an isolated
 
outbreak of malaria in the Republic of Cabo Verde

Arez, Ana Paula; Snounou, Georges; Pinto, João; Sousa, Carla A.; Modiano, David; Ribeiro, Henrique; Franco, Ana Sofia; Alves, Joana; Rosário, Virgílio Estólio do

doi:10.1017/s0031182099003972

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…T he duration of human malaria infections, including P. falciparum can extend to more than one year, often sub-clinically and despite an effective immune response (Eyles & Young, 1951;Arez et al, 1999). It has also been noted that sensi tive parasites sometimes reappear despite adequate antimalarial treatment (White, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of rodent malaria merozoites in the lymphatic network: potential role in chronicity of the infection

et al. 1999

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Summary:Experiments performed during the last few years, lead us to hypothesise the existence of latent asexual forms of murine Plasmodium. In the present report we examined the organs of infected animals and describe novel structures, which we call merophores, containing merozoites which have resisted lysis seen with other asexual stage parasites. We propose that these merozoites represent a latent form of the parasite. Merophores were also found in the lymphatic circulation, and were demonstrated by subinoculation to have retained their viability. Depending on the parasite species two types of merophores were observed. For P. yoelii nigeriensis merophore sacks, with the latent merozoites found inside vesicles, were usually observed. Merophore leucocytes, where latent merozoites dispersed in the cytoplasm of macrophages or neutrophils, were solely seen with P. vinckei petteri. Both structures were seen in P. chabaudi chabaudi infections. Merophores were found in lymph nodes of rodents after the asexual parasitaemia had apparently subsided. They were formed soon after schizogony, principally in the spleen, either by pitting or by macrophage phagocytosis. Merophore numbers appeared to be proportional to the number of maturing schizonts. We propose that merophore formation and their circulation in the lymphatics play an important role in the pattern of recrudescences and chronicity of rodent malaria infections. It is further suggested that the lymphatic network, a privileged pathway for many parasites, might play a similar role in human malaria infections.KEY WORDS : chronicity, latency, lymphatic, merophore, merozoite, Plasmodium chabaudi, Plasmodium vinckei, Plasmodium yoelii, recrudescence. Résumé : SURVIE, DANS LE RÉSEAU LYMPHATIQUE, DES MÉROZOÏTES DES PLASMODIUMS MURINS. RÔLE PROBABLE DANS LA CHRONICITÉ DE L' INFECTION Les travaux poursuivis au cours des récentes années sur le paludisme des rongeurs nous ont conduit à supposer l'existence de mérozoïtes latents. Dans les appositions ou les coupes de différents organes des rongeurs infectés, il existe des structures

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of rodent malaria merozoites in the lymphatic network: potential role in chronicity of the infection

et al. 1999

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“…In Cabo Verde, we are addressing the three biological entities involved in the complex malaria life-cycle doing both parasitological [6,7] and entomological studies (on-going). The present study addresses some human host genetic polymorphisms in association to malaria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the localized outbreak in St. Catarina district [6], we suggest that the genetically homogeneous circulating parasite population could have been a weakly virulent parasite. However, when different localities were studied [7] and Plasmodium falciparum heterogeneity was observed this hypothesis proved untenable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Samples were collected in localities from different Districts of Santiago Island (Praia-south, St Catarinawest, St Cruz-east and Tarrafal-north) in 1995-1996 [6], 1998-2000 and 2003 [7]. From a total of 1056 available samples, a sub-sample of 257 unrelated individuals was used for the present study (99 individuals from Praia, 23 from St Cruz, 119 from St Catarina and 16 from Tarrafal).…”

Section: Study Area and Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population is considered to be non-immune or semi-immune and irregular outbreaks occur. An outbreak in 1995-1996 in the St. Catarina district was followed by parasitological and molecular analysis during 1 year [6]. Studies indicated that malaria is maintained as asymptomatic and sub-patent infections and that the majority of the circulating parasite populations harbor chloroquine-resistant mutations [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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