A Clinical Trial of Beta Carotene to Prevent Basal-Cell and Squamous-Cell Cancers of the Skin

Greenberg, E. Robert; Baron, John A.; Stukel, Thérèse A.; Stevens, Marguerite; Mandel, Jack S.; Spencer, Steven K.; Elias, Peter M.; Lowe, Nicholas J.; Nierenberg, David W.; Bayrd, G T; Vance, J. Corwin; Freeman, Daniel; Clendenning, William E.; Kwan, Theodore H.

doi:10.1056/nejm199009203231204

Cited by 430 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several RCTs have shown no protective benefit against NMSC associated with either b-carotene or selenium. 122,[135][136][137] Treatmentassociated adverse events, notably, skin yellowing with b-carotene use and gastrointestinal upset with selenium have been noted.…”

Section: Follow-up and Reducing Risk For Future Skin Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines of care for the management of basal cell carcinoma

Baum¹,

Bordeaux²,

Brown³

et al. 2018

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

294

219

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of human cancer, with a continually increasing annual incidence in the United States. When diagnosed early, the majority of BCCs are readily treated with office-based therapy, which is highly curative. In these evidence-based guidelines of care, we provide recommendations for the management of patients with BCC, as well as an in-depth review of the best available literature in support of these recommendations. We discuss biopsy techniques for a clinically suspicious lesion and offer recommendations for the histopathologic interpretation of BCC. In the absence of a formal staging system, the best available stratification based on risk for recurrence is reviewed. With regard to treatment, we provide recommendations on treatment modalities along a broad therapeutic spectrum, ranging from topical agents and superficially destructive modalities to surgical techniques and systemic therapy. Finally, we review the available literature and provide recommendations on prevention and the most appropriate follow-up for patients in whom BCC has been diagnosed. ( J Am Acad Dermatol

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Section: Follow-up and Reducing Risk For Future Skin Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[116][117][118][119]123,[125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141] …”

Section: Follow-up and Reducing Risk For Future Skin Cancersunclassified

Guidelines of care for the management of basal cell carcinoma

Baum¹,

Bordeaux²,

Brown³

et al. 2018

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

294

219

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[39][40][41] The reason for the increase in lung cancers in smokers in these trials is not known but does highlight the fact that seemingly safe dietary substances administered in pharmacologic doses must be regarded as potentially toxic. Enthusiasm for β-carotene has also been tempered by the negative results of several other randomized trials for other types of cancer, including skin cancer, 42 colon polyps, 43 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 44 in which β-carotene had no effect. To date, β-carotene has not been tested in a large randomized trial using either changes in premalignant lesions or appearance of second aerodigestive malignancies as end points.…”

Section: Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Cancer

Armstrong

Meyskens

2000

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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728Increasing emphasis has been placed on chemoprevention as understanding of the genetic and molecular events of carcinogenesis has evolved. More than 1000 compounds that inhibit cancer development in vitro or in animal models have been identified, and active research is under way to determine which of these agents will be both effective and nontoxic in human beings. Currently, 13-cis-retinoic acid is the most studied chemopreventive agent against head and neck cancers. Unfortunately, this vitamin A derivative has significant clinical toxicity, which limits its utility in a practice setting. The efficacy of the retinoids, however, has stimulated efforts to find other chemopreventive compounds that are both effective and nontoxic. This review discusses head and neck premalignancy, chemoprevention strategies, retinoids, and several other classes of chemopreventive agents with potential efficacy against head and neck premalignancy.

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“…Although the drugs studied differed, this lends some further support to the hypothesis that an effective chemopreventive intervention may only affect earlier stages of squamous metaplasia but this remains to be tested in subsequent trials. Zelen (1988) (Greenberg et al, 1990) which tested beta-carotene to try and prevent recurrence of basal-cell and squamous cell cancers of the skin. Nevertheless previous studies have shown that pill counts, used alone, to monitor compliance, have been unreliable when checked by biochemical monitoring for drug or metabolite (Bergman & Werner, 1963).…”

Section: Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%