A clinical study of various cutaneous manifestations in neonates

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cutaneous manifestations are common in neonates. Transient and pathological neonatal dermatoses should be differentiated to avoid unnecessary treatment and thus considering the variable nature and severity of neonatal skin lesions, it is important to be aware of the transient skin lesions in newborn and to differentiate these from other serious conditions which will avoid unnecessary therapy to the neonates and the parents can be assured of good prognosis of these skin manifestations. The present study has been carried out to study the clinical pattern of cutaneous lesion in neonatal period.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 255 neonates from Department of Dermatology in collaboration of Department of Pediatrics, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital were evaluated for cutaneous manifestations. A detailed assessment regarding history, clinical examination and investigations were recorded and analyzed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 255 neonates, 138 (54.1%) were males and 117 (45.9%) were females. The sex ratio (M:F) was 1.18. The most common dermatoses were physiological desquamation (54.1%) and mongolian spots (37.6%) followed by milia (19.6%), miliaria (14%), epstein pearls (10.2%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The physiological and transient cutaneous lesions are common are in neonates. Physiological cutaneous manifestations were quite frequent apart from birthmarks/congenital cutaneous manifestations. An understanding of these manifestations helps in managing and deciding the appropriate manifestation.</p>

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and determinants of various neonatal dermatoses

“…In comparison to the former conducted studies, the maximum number of neonates found were >2.5 kg weight at birth. [ 11 , 12 , 15 ] The present study's findings regarding neonatal birth weight are in accordance with the findings observed in different studies. The birth weight of a newborn depends on genetic, environmental, parental socioeconomic status, maternal nutrition, and other maternal factors.…”

“…Similar studies concluded a prevalence of ND of 519 (90.7%) 474 (94.8%), 132 (74.6%), and 577 (34.75%), respectively. [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] The frequency of ND mentioned in the current study is approximately identical to the above-mentioned studies. Numerous reviews of the frequency of ND have been registered in several nations and with different ethnicities.…”

“…The majority of ND were predominately seen in males in comparison to females, in accordance with previously conducted studies. [ 6 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] A previous study shown that females were more affected by such skin conditions; hence, it was anticipated that the predominance of males in this study is similar to that found in the majority of the previous studies, as well as the ratio of males to females in the particular geographic area. [ 6 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]…”

“…The incidence of physiological desquamation was noted in 25 (5.27%) neonates, which was more or less in accordance with a similar study finding. [ 7 , 8 , 11 ] The variation in the physiological desquamation occurrence differs as per the day of examination; some studies have reported more in babies who were observed for more than 5 days. The day of examination (5 th –7 th day) and the beginning of physiological shedding exhibit statistical significance ( P < 0.002).…”

“…The day of examination (5 th –7 th day) and the beginning of physiological shedding exhibit statistical significance ( P < 0.002). [ 7 , 8 , 11 ] In this study, the frequency of physiological scaling was on the lower side, as neonates were randomly enrolled in the study. The method of delivery does not affect the occurrence of physiological desquamation with a non-significant P- value, and with male predominance, it was found more in term neonates and was similar to the other study outcome,[ 14 , 15 , 19 ] whereas in another study done by Gokdemir G et al ., it was found to be more usual in post term neonates.…”