A Clinical Study of the Relationship Between Silicone Breast Implants and Connective Tissue Disease

Edworthy, Steven M.; Martin, Liam; Barr, Susan G.; Birdsell, Dale C.; Brant, Rollin; Fritzler, Marvin J.

doi:10.1097/00006254-199811000-00017

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Most published epidemiological studies have found little, if any, evidence of systemic autoimmune disease associated with SBI (2,3,6,14,17). However, many of these retrospective studies were limited to detecting an increased frequency of classic autoimmune and/or clinically defined diseases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Induction of Hypergammaglobulinemia and Macrophage Activation by Silicone Gels and Oils in Female A.SW Mice

Naim¹,

Satoh

Buehner³

et al. 2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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Although most published epidemiological studies have found little evidence of systemic autoimmune disease associated with silicone breast implants, there still remains a question of whether silicones can cause local and/or systemic immune dysfunction. This study further investigates the effects of silicones on autoantibody and immunoglobulin production and macrophage activation in female A.SW mice. Sixty mice were divided among four treatment groups receiving a 0.5-ml intraperitoneal injection of either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pristane, silicone gel, or silicone oil. Test bleeds were taken periodically for 6 months. In contrast to pristane, neither silicone gel nor silicone oil induced lupus-associated antinuclear autoantibodies (immunoglobulin G [IgG] anti-nRNP/Sm, Su, and ribosomal P) or lupus nephritis. However, serum IgM became elevated persistently within 1 month of silicone gel or silicone oil administration. Also, the level of IgG3 was clearly elevated in silicone oil-treated mice. In contrast, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b levels were not affected greatly by either silicone gel or oil. Furthermore, peritoneal macrophages from silicone-and pristane-treated mice produced higher levels of interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤) and IL-6 than those from PBS-treated mice after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. These results suggest that silicone gels and oils are capable of inducing hypergammaglobulinemia and activating macrophages in female A.SW mice.

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confidence: 99%

“…Medical-grade silicones consist primarily of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is a synthetic polymer having (CH 3 ) 2 SiO as its repeating unit. Depending upon the number of repeat units in the polymer chain and the degree of cross-linking, medical-grade silicones can be found as a fluids (oils), gels, or elastomers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Hypergammaglobulinemia and Macrophage Activation by Silicone Gels and Oils in Female A.SW Mice

Naim¹,

Satoh

Buehner³

et al. 2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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“…Concerns regarding auto-immune reaction against silicone implants remain among a small group of the population, despite the numerous studies showing safety of the new implants (22,23,25,27,28,41). Several clinical studies have shown no difference in the incidence of autoimmune diseases in mastectomy patients receiving silicone gel implants compared to patients who had reconstruction with autogenous tissue (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Even meta-analysis research combining data from over 87,000 women has revealed no association between silicone breast implants and connective tissue diseases (52,53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast implant design

Maxwell¹,

Gabriel²

2017

Gland Surg.

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“…22,23,25,27,28,41 Several clinical studies have shown no difference in the incidence of autoimmune diseases in patients receiving silicone gel implants after mastectomy compared with patients who had reconstruction with autogenous tissue. [45][46][47][48][49][50][51] Even meta-analysis research combining data from more than 87,000 women has revealed no association between silicone breast implants and connective tissue diseases. 52,53 Notably, virtually all industrialized nations in the world except the United States use silicone gel implants almost exclusively for breast augmentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%