A clinical study of pneumonia with special reference to hyponatremia among children aged 1–5 years admitted in teaching hospital

Patil, Jayaraj; Arer, Srinivasa

doi:10.17511/ijpr.2018.i08.07

Cited by 1 publication

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“…According to a study by Zilberberg et al, 28% of patients with CAP had hyponatremia at hospital admission [ 15 ]. Wrotek and Jackowska [ 16 ] reported hyponatremia in 33.3% of patients, and Patil [ 17 ] reported it in 26% of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rahul and Jose [ 19 ] detected a statistically significant relationship between hyponatremia at admission and increased ICU admissions (17.9%, P = 0.000) and an increased number of days (>2 days) in the ICU ( P = 0.001). Patil also found a statistically increased mean hospital stay of patients with hyponatremia with pneumonia (9.54 ± 2.63 days) compared to those patients with normonatremia with pneumonia (6.43 ± 1.16 days) [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dyselectrolytemia in Children With Severe Pneumonia: A Prospective Study

Pande,

Jadhav,

Ilyaz

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background Pneumonia is a condition characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma. It is one of the leading causes of mortality in children below five years of age. While predominantly prevalent in developing countries, it is also associated with significant healthcare-associated costs in developed countries. Among the many risk factors for childhood pneumonia, incomplete immunization, nonexclusive breastfeeding for less than six months, delayed weaning, poor household air quality, malnutrition, and low birth weight are the most commonly found. Electrolyte disturbances, also known as dyselectrolytemia, have been associated with a broad spectrum of acute infections, including pneumonia, particularly hyponatremia. It occurs in the majority of community-acquired pneumonia. Hyper- and hypokalemia are less frequently occurring electrolyte disturbances. Electrolyte disturbances are due to impairment of the intrarenal mechanism of urine dilution due to extracellular fluid volume depletion and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The central nervous system is imminently affected by acute hyponatremia. This condition frequently culminates in cerebral edema, a result of the rapid fluid shift, and causes sudden fatality. Aim of the study This study aims to study dyselectrolytemia in children with severe pneumonia. Objectives The study objectives are to assess dyselectrolytemia in children with severe pneumonia and to correlate dyselectrolytemia with morbidity and hospital stay. Methodology This prospective study was conducted on 80 children in the age group of two months up to five years who visited our tertiary care center and had severe pneumonia. We evaluated the extent of dyselectrolytemia in our study population by analyzing the frequency correlation of different kinds of electrolyte imbalances. We also analyzed the correlation between morbidity and hospital stay. Results Out of 80 children in this study with severe pneumonia, 47 (59%) had electrolyte imbalance. Among the patients with electrolyte imbalance, 31 (39%) patients had hyponatremia followed by hypokalemia in 12 (15%) patients, hypernatremia in 3 (4%) patients, and hyperkalemia in 1 (1%) patient. Among the 17 (21%) children with pneumonia requiring ICU admission, 16 (94%) had dyselectrolytemia and 4 (24%) experienced fatal outcomes. Conclusions The majority of the children who were admitted to the ICU had severe pneumonia along with electrolyte imbalance. This necessitates the monitoring of the electrolyte and nutritional status of the patients with pneumonia. Providing proper nutrition advice for children with pneumonia may reduce morbidity and mortality. Early detection and treatment of electrolyte imbalances in pneumonia cases can decrease prolonged hospital stays, ICU admissions, and the need for mechanical ventilation, ultimately contributing to a reduction in morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%