A Clinical Study of Hypertensive Emergencies

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is one of most common cardiovascular disorder in clinical practice. It is also called high blood pressure. Hypertension is well known risk factor for cardiovascular, renal and cerebrovascular disease. Even slightly rise elevated blood pressure lead to increase risk in cardiovascular disease and strokes (CVD). Hypertensive emergency is define as recent increase in blood pressure to a very high level (> 180 mmHg systolic and > 110 mmHg diastolic) with target organ damage. Study aimed to evaluate the modes of presentations, clinical profile and spectrum of target organ damage in patients with hypertensive emergency. Material and methods: This study was hospital based prospective study. The present study was carried out in 100 patients admitted in various medical wards in R.N.T. Medical College Udaipur, Rajasthan over a period of eight months. Patients fulfilling the eligible criteria were included. Result: Among the 100 patients studied, 70 were males and the male female ratio was 2.33:1. In the age distribution, 72% patients were found age more than 50 years and rest 28% was less than 50 years. The commonest clinical presentation found was neurological deficits in 50% followed by dyspnoea in 34% and chest pain in 10% patients. Conclusion: The present study done over hypertensive emergencies patients conclude that majority of patients belonged to the fifth and sixth decades of age and of male sex. It was commonly observed in the patients known hypertensive. Diabetes and dyslipidemias was common association observed. Commonest mode of presentation was neuro deficit and higher level of mean blood pressure at the time of presentation may associated with worst out come.