A clinical classification and grading system of the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis

Murdoch, Michele E.; Hay, Roderick J.; Mackenzie, C. D.; Williams, J. F.; Ghalib, H. W.; Cousens, Simon; Abiose, A; Jones, Barrie R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11844.x

Cited by 191 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Cell proliferation was determined by the incorporation of [ 3 H]thymidine in cpm as described. 26 Classification of skin changes Skin lesions were classified according to Murdoch et al 32 The clinical entities of acute papular onchodermatitis, chronic papular onchodermatitis, atrophy, and lichenified onchodermatitis were summarized as immunoreactive onchodermatitis. They were found to be characterized by pronounced IgE values, high peripheral blood eosinphil granulocyte counts, and elevated PBC proliferative responses.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoter haplotypes of the interleukin-10 gene influence proliferation of peripheral blood cells in response to helminth antigen

et al. 2004

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Since interleukin (IL)-10 is a key mediator of immunosuppression, and immunosuppression is considered an important element of helminth infection, we studied variants of the putative IL-10 gene promoter in 337 individuals from 130 families heavily exposed to infection by the tissue nematode Onchocerca volvulus. As shown by transmission disequilibrium tests, variants of the IL-10 promoter at positions -1082(G/A), -819(C/T), and -592(C/A) in the haplotype of ATA were significantly associated with high peripheral blood cell (PBC) proliferative responses to O. volvulus antigen (OvAg). No associations were observed using phytohemagglutinin-induced PBC proliferation or with qualitative or quantitative phenotypes of onchocerciasis or onchocerciasis-related skin disease. The findings are compatible with the hypothesis that the ATA haplotype causes a decrease in IL-10 production by OvAg-reactive type-1 regulatory T-lymphocytes, thereby alleviating the suppression of other T cells. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an influence of IL-10 promoter variants is shown on the adaptive immune response.

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Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoter haplotypes of the interleukin-10 gene influence proliferation of peripheral blood cells in response to helminth antigen

et al. 2004

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“…Palpable nodules and signs of O. volvulus skin disease (onchodermatitis) were determined as previously described. [28][29][30] Data analysis. Data were initially recorded on paper forms and then transferred into an Excel database.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruption of Onchocerca volvulus Transmission in the Abu Hamed Focus, Sudan

Higazi

Zarroug

Mohamed

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Abu Hamed, Sudan, the northernmost location of onchocerciasis in the world, began community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) in 1998, with annual treatments enhanced to semiannual in 2007. We assessed the status of the parasite transmission in 2011 entomologically, parasitologically, and serologically. O-150 pool screening showed no parasite DNA in 17,537 black flies collected in 2011 (95% confidence interval upper limit [95% CI UL] = 0.023). Skin microfilariae, nodules, and signs of skin disease were absent in 536 individuals in seven local communities. Similarly, no evidence of Onchocerca volvulus Ov16 antibodies was found in 6,756 school children 10 years (95% CI UL = 0.03%). Because this assessment of the focus meets the 2001 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for interrupted transmission, treatment was halted in 2012, and a post-treatment surveillance period was initiated in anticipation of declaration of disease elimination in this area. We provide the first evidence in East Africa that long-term CDTI alone can interrupt transmission of onchocerciasis.

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“…Pruritus was also reported by many persons without other signs of skin reactions. The most frequent skin lesion was acute papular dermatitis (group I according to Murdoch et al 1993) on trunk or arms and more rarely on the lower part of the body (Figure 4). It was usually limited to up to 3 areas of the body.…”

Section: Side-effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of human Mansonella streptocerca infection with ivermectin

Fischer

Bamuhiiga

Büttner

1997

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryWe studied the short-term effects of a single dose of 150 g/kg body weight ivermectin on Mansonella streptocerca in an area endemic for streptocerciasis, but not for onchocerciasis, in western Uganda. Six and 12 days after treatment no microfilariae (mf) were found in the skin of 53 out of 96 mf carriers living in 3 villages, and the geometric means of the mf densities of remaining mf carriers were only 33-40% of pretreatment levels. This reduction of mf density was highly significant (P<0.0001). Immunohistological examination of skin biopsies showed degenerated and disintegrating mf surrounded by activated eosinophils (positive for activated cationic protein), macrophages, and neutrophils (positive for myeloperoxidase and defensin) on day 6 after treatment. Remarkable was the invasion of young, L1 protein-positive macrophages and the release of neutrophil defensin as signs of acute inflammation. We conclude that ivermectin has a strong microfilaricidal activity against M. streptocerca. Common adverse effects were increased pruritus and acute papular dermatitis in 45% of 86 mf carriers on day 6 after treatment. No serious adverse side-effects were noticed in about 700 treated persons.

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A clinical classification and grading system of the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis

Cited by 191 publications

References 15 publications

Promoter haplotypes of the interleukin-10 gene influence proliferation of peripheral blood cells in response to helminth antigen

Promoter haplotypes of the interleukin-10 gene influence proliferation of peripheral blood cells in response to helminth antigen

Interruption of Onchocerca volvulus Transmission in the Abu Hamed Focus, Sudan

Treatment of human Mansonella streptocerca infection with ivermectin

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