A climatology of the nighttime thermospheric winds over Sutherland, South Africa

Ojo, Taiwo T.; Katamzi‐Joseph, Zama T.; Chu, Kristina T.; Grawe, M.; Makela, J. J.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2021.10.015

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The measurement of meridional wind from MIGHTI/ICON is naturally less accurate than that of zonal wind due to the north-south motion of the ICON satellite around Wuhan. In addition, the consistency of zonal wind measurements between MIGHTI/ICON and HWM14 is also better than that of meridional wind measurements, which is agreement with the results of previous studies [25,27]. Tang et al compared the horizontal wind measurements obtained by meteor radar and HWM14 and found that the consistency of meridional wind between model prediction and radar observation is worse than that of the zonal wind [25].…”

Section: Statistical Studysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Tang et al compared the horizontal wind measurements obtained by meteor radar and HWM14 and found that the consistency of meridional wind between model prediction and radar observation is worse than that of the zonal wind [25]. Taiwo et al compared results from HWM14 with a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) located in Sutherland, South Africa, and found a better agreement between FPI measured winds and HWM14 modeled winds for the meridional component compared to the zonal component [27]. Comparing the results shown above, it could be seen that the consistency of zonal wind measurements from MIGHTI/ICON and meteor radar is better than that of meridional wind measurements, which may be caused by the orbit configuration of the ICON satellite [14].…”

Section: Statistical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of MIGHTI/ICON Atmospheric Wind Observations over China Region Based on Meteor Radar and Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14)

Liu

Fan

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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The Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) on board the ICON satellite provides effective measurement of horizontal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. In order to verify the measurement accuracy of the horizontal wind, this study uses the measurements of the meteor radar in Wuhan and the simulation results of a horizontal wind field model (HWM14) to compare and analyze the measurement results of MIGHTI/ICON in the whole year of 2020. The comparative analysis indicated that two datasets from MIGHTI/ICON and meteor radar are strongly correlated (r = 0.65,0.76) with an RMS difference of 39.21 m/s (30.31 m/s). The consistency for meridional wind from MIGHTI/ICON, meteor radar, and HWM14 is worse than that of zonal wind. The accuracy of horizontal wind observations is influenced by altitude, diurnal, and seasonal patterns.

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Section: Statistical Studysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Statistical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of MIGHTI/ICON Atmospheric Wind Observations over China Region Based on Meteor Radar and Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14)

Liu

Fan

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…The equatorward and poleward winds in the northern and southern hemispheres were slow, lasting for a short time between 2000 UT to local midnight and then reversing to their opposite direction respectively. The above-modeled results of wind patterns are consistent with the previous FPI measurements over the African region (Fisher et al, 2015;Ojo et al, 2022). However, in the equatorial region, we observe only poleward meridional winds which are enhanced during the main phase of the storm period.…”

Section: Meridian and Zonal Windssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Ionospheric Dynamics of the African Sector Responding to a Severe Geomagnetic Storm; the Storm of 3–5 November 2021

Rukundo

2023

Space Weather

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A geomagnetic storm is a disturbance on the Earth's magnetic field resulting from enhanced energy transfer from interplanetary space to the Earth's environment through the magnetosphere. The cause of geomagnetic storms is variation in the solar wind parameters, that is enhancement in solar wind speed and solar wind particles that increase solar wind pressure, and at least >3 hr sustained southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on the day side magnetosphere (Gonzalez et al., 1994;Kumar & Kumar, 2019). The major solar driver of this disturbance is the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) embedded with large plasma emissions from the sun, taking several hours or days to reach the Earth's atmosphere. It should be noted that other sun's emissions like high solar wind speed from coronal holes, and corotating interaction regions also contribute to geomagnetic storms (Richardson, 2018;Richardson et al., 2006). The geomagnetic storm effects induce ionospheric disturbances characterized

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“…The FPI instrument design and data processing is described in detail by Fisher et al (2015). This study only used the neutral wind measurements to study its influence on propagation of MSTIDs, while Ojo et al (2022) used data from the same instrument to present a general seasonal wind variation as well as validation of the horizontal wind model, version 2014 (HWM14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Results on Characteristics of Nighttime MSTIDs Observed Over South Africa: Influence of Thermospheric Wind and Sporadic E

et al. 2022

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This paper reports the climatology of medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) observed between September 2018 and August 2019 in the nighttime redline airglow intensity measurements from an all‐sky imager located in Sutherland, South Africa (32.4°S, 20.8°E; magnetic latitude: 40.7°S). The nighttime MSTIDs appeared as either single or multiple dark bands, commenced mostly before midnight, and predominantly occurred during the southern winter solstice. They primarily propagated westward with speeds of 31–127 m/s. The periods and wavelengths of the multi‐band MSTIDs were in the ranges of 26–155 min and 134–578 km, respectively, while the temporal and spatial scales of the single band MSTIDs were 11–30 min and 43–143 km, respectively. Analysis of neutral wind measurements from a co‐located Fabry‐Perot interferometer showed that the thermospheric wind was mostly northeastward in the evenings of MSTID occurrence and that the favored westward propagation of the MSTIDs was the least restricted propagation direction by the background wind. Based on data from nearby ionosondes, the MSTIDs were mostly accompanied by sporadic E and spread‐F structures. From the seasonal occurrences of MSTIDs and sporadic E as well as the MSTID propagation and prevalent wind directions, it is concluded that Perkins instability is the most likely source of the majority of the observed nighttime MSTIDs, while the remainder may be seeded by gravity waves.

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A climatology of the nighttime thermospheric winds over Sutherland, South Africa

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Validation of MIGHTI/ICON Atmospheric Wind Observations over China Region Based on Meteor Radar and Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14)

Validation of MIGHTI/ICON Atmospheric Wind Observations over China Region Based on Meteor Radar and Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14)

The Ionospheric Dynamics of the African Sector Responding to a Severe Geomagnetic Storm; the Storm of 3–5 November 2021

First Results on Characteristics of Nighttime MSTIDs Observed Over South Africa: Influence of Thermospheric Wind and Sporadic E

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