A classification of pasture and fodder plants according to their ability to translocate sodium from their roots into aerial parts

Smith, G. S.; Middleton, K. R.; Edmonds, A. S.

doi:10.1080/03015521.1978.10426039

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Displacement of K by Na in plant tissue, as opposed to substitution, is a common characteristic of natrophiles such as perennial ryegrass, and tends to be most pronounced when K supply is limited (Smith et al, 1978) and/or when external Na levels are high (Jarvis, 1982). It has been suggested that this displacement of K by an ion (Na +) of weaker ionic charge may reduce the competition for adsorption sites and favour plant uptake of divalent cations such as Ca and Mg (Chiy and Phillips, 1993a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some effect of sodium application on the yield and chemical composition of pasture grown under differing conditions of potassium and moisture supply

Cushnahan

Bailey²,

Gordon

1995

Plant Soil

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The effects of Na fertiliser (supplied as an NPK-Na compound) on herbage yield and composition were examined at two different sites to see if pasture responses to Na were affected by differences in K and moisture availability. At one site, pasture was grown under conditions of moisture stress and limited K availability, whereas at the other site the pasture was grown under comparatively non-stress conditions.The results were interesting in that Na fertilisation appeared to be detrimental to pasture yield and quality under conditions of moisture stress and suboptimal K supply, whereas under the non-stress conditions it actually increased herbage N offtake, marginally improved the nutritional quality of the pasture and produced appreciable (albeit non-significant) increases in DM yield. It was suggested that an important effect of Na on grass production may have been its ability to enhance the rate of NO 3 uptake by plants, thereby minimising NO 3-N losses from the soil-plant system by denitrification. However, because the amount of N fertiliser used in the experiments (i.e. 390 kg N ha -t y r -l ) was close to that normally required for maximum yield production (N max) under Northern Ireland conditions, the scope for yield increases in response to Na-elicited improvements in N offtake were thought to have been very limited at both experimental sites.On the basis of results from both the present study and previous field trials, a unifying theory is presented to explain the differential effects of Na on NO 3 uptake and herbage growth under different sets of circumstances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some effect of sodium application on the yield and chemical composition of pasture grown under differing conditions of potassium and moisture supply

Cushnahan

Bailey²,

Gordon

1995

Plant Soil

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“…Finally, the above results emphasise the urgent need to consider fertiliser use more closely in terms of both plant and animal requirements; plant analysis and a balance sheet approach, as outlined, for example, by Middleton & Smith (1978), seem the most appropriate means of doing this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice, the use of sodium fertilisers to increase the sodium content in plants to an acceptable level for animal nutrition appears to be limited, especially since their effectiveness depends largely on the potassium status of the pastures, the rate at which sodium is lost from the root zone by leaching under the humid conditions which prevail in this country, the plant species (Smith et al 1978), and on the sodium salt used in the fertiliser (Lehr 1960). Because of these limitations, the most effective method for correcting sodium deficiencies in grazing animals is direct supplementation, either by salt licks or by the addition of.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium and potassium content of topdressed pastures in New Zealand in relation to plant and animal nutrition

Smith¹,

Middleton²

1978

New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture

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An extensive geographical survey was carried out to obtain information on the sodium and potassium content of topdressed grass-clover pastures in New Zealand. Results indicate that in many areas, especially away from the influence of sea spray, herbage sodium levels are below those estimated to be required by grazing animals. The associated potassium contents of these pastures, particulady in the North Island. are well in excess of animal needs and generally are more than adequate for plant nutrition. The possible effects on animal health of a low dietary intake of sodium coupled with excessive amounts of potassium are discussed. The importance of sources other than the plant in supplying sodium for animal needs is also pointed out. It is emphasised that there is an urgent need to assess fertiliser policy more in terms of the requirements of both plants and animals, by a plant analysis and balance sheet approach.

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“…For instance, shoot and root Cl − concentrations were significantly higher for plants irrigated with the Cl − water type, and shoot and root total S concentrations were significantly higher for the plants irrigated with SO 4 2− water type (Fig. Alfalfa is included in the group of the natrophobic species (Smith et al, 1978), which can concentrate Na + in their roots, thereby decreasing the translocation to shoots. Also, the concentrations of other ions (Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and K + ) were different between water composition types at the same EC.…”

Section: Ion Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Populations’ Response to Salinity Stress

Cornacchione

Suarez

2017

Crop Science

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a moderately salt‐tolerant crop with high economic return and is therefore more suitable for production with lower quality water than most high‐value crops. This study was conducted to examine the effect of water composition types (Cl− or SO42−) of irrigation water and five salinity levels (electrical conductivity of irrigation water [ECiw] = 0.85, 8, 13, 18.3, and 24.5 dS m−1) on biomass production, salt tolerance, and ion concentration of 15 alfalfa populations. The plants were grown in a greenhouse in 60 sand tanks for 347 d under salt treatment. There was no significant effect of water composition type on shoot and root biomass production. Water composition type × EC and water composition type x population interactions were also not significant. Salinity impact was population dependent (EC × population: P < 0.05), except at ECiw 18.3 dS m−1. Across all populations, shoot biomass was significantly reduced with increasing salinity to 77, 50, and 27% of the control at 13, 18.3, and 24.5 dS m−1, respectively. The ‘SISA14’ and ‘SW 8421S’ populations were the most productive under saline conditions with the highest degree of salt tolerance. The results showed that alfalfa biomass response to salinity did not depend on the type of salts (Cl− or SO42−). Shoot Cl− also did not correlate with relative biomass response. Thus, Cl− ion toxicity does not appear to be a factor in alfalfa salt tolerance for these populations. Although there was a correlation between salt tolerance and shoot Na+, the shoot ion concentration provides only a partial explanation of the relative salt tolerance of the alfalfa populations.

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A classification of pasture and fodder plants according to their ability to translocate sodium from their roots into aerial parts

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Some effect of sodium application on the yield and chemical composition of pasture grown under differing conditions of potassium and moisture supply

Some effect of sodium application on the yield and chemical composition of pasture grown under differing conditions of potassium and moisture supply

Sodium and potassium content of topdressed pastures in New Zealand in relation to plant and animal nutrition

Evaluation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Populations’ Response to Salinity Stress

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