A classification and review of cavitation models with an emphasis on physical aspects of cavitation

Abstract

This review article presents a summary of the main categories of models developed for modeling cavitation, a multiphase phenomenon in which a fluid locally experiences phase change due to a drop in ambient pressure. The most common approaches to modeling cavitation along with the most common modifications to said approaches due to other effects of cavitating flows are identified and categorized. The application of said categorization is demonstrated through an analysis of selected cavitation models. For each of the models presented, the various assumptions and simplifications made by the authors of the model are discussed, and applications of the model to simulating various aspects of cavitating flow are also presented. The result of the analysis is demonstrated via a visualization of the categorizations of the highlighted models. Using the preceding discussion of the various cavitation models presented, the review concludes with an outlook toward future improvements in the modeling of cavitation.

Unsteady Multiphase Simulation of Oleo-Pneumatic Shock Absorber Flow

“…This tendency towards cavitation is likely to become more significant when the loading is increased on the shock absorber or when the internal orifice design generates higher streamline curvature around the orifice, e.g., due to a sharp leading edge on the orifice. Having detected the potential for cavitation in the drop test simulated here, it is possible to conduct further studies with a suitable cavitation model [44] or use a high-order specialised code [45] to focus on cavitation in a high-fidelity study of cavitation physics using realistic boundary conditions from the unsteady shock absorber simulation. The pneumatic force presented in Figure 4a is part of the validation discussion.…”

A study of cavitation erosion resistance of an ion nitrided titanium alloy by means of the vibration and rotating disk methods

“…Cavitation erosion is a common form of surface damage of the fluid-flow machinery such as turbines, impeller pumps, ship propellers, rudders, valves and other hydraulic equipment. Cavitation erosion is a challenging problem because of the associated huge economic losses and potential safety hazards [2].…”

Numerical Modeling of the Behavior of Bubble Clusters in Cavitation Processes

“…For many years, cavitation has been considered one of the areas of hydrodynamics associated with the identification and elimination of negative causes of erosive destruction of the surfaces of propellers, hydraulic turbine blades, and hydraulic devices. It has been established that surface erosion occurs under the action of shock waves and cumulative jets formed during bubble collapse, which in hydrodynamics are considered hollow cavities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. As this phenomenon was studied, it became obvious that the concept of cavitation should be interpreted more broadly.…”