A Circumareolar Approach in Surgical Management of Gynecomastia

Huang, Ted; Hidalgo, Jorge E.; Lewis, S. R.

doi:10.1097/00006534-198269010-00005

Cited by 56 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…It is defined as a benign enlargement of the male breast due to proliferation of the glandular component (1). Subcutaneous mastectomy is performed for symptomatic patients and in those requesting cosmetic changes (1,3). The aim of this review is to assess the complications and the cosmetic outcome of the procedure in the management of adolescent gynaecomastia over the period 1995 ± 2001 at Manchester Childrens Hospitals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia in the Adolescent: A Surgically Relevant Condition

2004

Eur J Pediatr Surg

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Gynaecomastia in adolescent males is common and the majority of cases regress spontaneously within one year. Surgery is indicated if the condition fails to regress or if it is causing sufficient embarrassment to interfere with the patient's social life. Based on our experience, we believe that subcutaneous mastectomy through a circumareolar skin incision is a valid procedure for the treatment for adolescent gynaecomastia and provides satisfactory cosmetic results for this age group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia in the Adolescent: A Surgically Relevant Condition

2004

Eur J Pediatr Surg

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“…For cases of severe gynaecomastia with redundant skin, many techniques have been described in literature they can be divided into two main groups: extra-areolar [37]- [39] and circumferential [40]- [42] excisions. Extraareolar skin excisions are, however, associated with hypertrophic scarring and unacceptable results [3] [22] [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Treatment of Gynaecomastia: A Prospective Study in 75 Patients

Tolba¹,

Nasr²

2015

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Introduction: Gynaecomastia is a benign enlargement of male breast; many techniques have been described for management but none have gained universal acceptance. We discuss the outcomes of the surgical management of gynaecomastia and assess the morbidity and complication rates associated with the procedure to determine whether certain surgical techniques produce better outcomes. Materials and Methods: 75 patients with gynaecomastia were operated in our hospital during the period from Jan. 2009 to Jan. 2015. Results: A total of 140 breasts were operated on during the study period. Patients underwent either liposuction alone (20 breasts), excision alone (70 breasts), both excision and liposuction (36 breast) or skin reduction procedure (14 breasts). 19 operated breasts (13.4%) experienced some form of complications. Minor complications included seroma (4 patients), superficial wound dehiscence (3 patients) and two patients developed haematomas requiring evacuation in theatre. Unsatisfactory cosmotic result was present in 10 breasts and surgical revision was done in 5 breasts. Simon grade 111 breasts experienced the highest complication rate. Conclusion: The study has found that moderate sized gynaecomastia whether true or pseudo gynaecomastia with mild to moderate breast redundancy can be managed easily and effectively by liposuction alone or combined with glandular resection while the conventional infraareolar subcutaneous mastectomy still gives satisfactory results and with no need to remove extra skin. On the other hand, large gynaecomastia with severe breast redundancy can be treated effectively by the inferior pedicle technique without vertical scar.

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“…Huang et al recognized these issues and in 1982 described a series of patients treated with a circumareolar excision to allow for skin excision without extra-areolar scarring. 24 This technique relies on a central mound with an intercostal blood supply through the prepectoral fascia. Similar techniques, as described by Botta, recognize nipple-areolar complex (NAC) viability on the subdermal plexus alone and utilize superiorly based dermo-glandular flaps, allowing for a more uniform excision of breast tissue (►Fig.…”

Section: Severe Gynecomastia (Simon Grade Iib and Rohrich Grade Iii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Surgical Correction of Gynecomastia

Brown

Chang

Siy

et al. 2015

Seminars in Plastic Surgery

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Gynecomastia refers to the enlargement of the male breast due to a proliferation of ductal, stromal, and/or fatty tissue. Although it is a common condition affecting up to 65% of men, not all cases require surgical intervention. Contemporary surgical techniques in the treatment of gynecomastia have become increasingly less invasive with the advent of liposuction and its variants, including power-assisted and ultrasound-assisted liposuction. These techniques, however, have been largely limited in their inability to address significant skin excess and ptosis. For mild to moderate gynecomastia, newer techniques using arthroscopic morcellation and endoscopic techniques promise to address the fibrous component, while minimizing scar burden by utilizing liposuction incisions. Nevertheless, direct excision through periareolar incisions remains a mainstay in treatment algorithms for its simplicity and avoidance of additional instrumentation. This is particularly true for more severe cases of gynecomastia requiring skin resection. In the most severe cases with significant skin redundancy and ptosis, breast amputation with free nipple grafting remains an effective option. Surgical treatment should be individualized to each patient, combining techniques to provide adequate resection and optimize aesthetic results.

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A Circumareolar Approach in Surgical Management of Gynecomastia

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Gynaecomastia in the Adolescent: A Surgically Relevant Condition

Gynaecomastia in the Adolescent: A Surgically Relevant Condition

Surgical Treatment of Gynaecomastia: A Prospective Study in 75 Patients

Trends in the Surgical Correction of Gynecomastia

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