“…18 Studies with TSC1 or TSC2 knockout and knockdown mouse models have yielded important information on the role of the mTOR/TSC axis in neuronal morphology, axonogenesis, dendritic arborization, regulation of neurotransmitter-receptor expression, neuronal myelination, neuronal autophagy, cortical architecture, and astrocyte proliferation. 19,20 Table 2 provides a summary of the various transgenic mouse models that have been developed to recapitulate TSC-associated epilepsy and lists the phenotype and mTOR activation associated with each system. 19 In the context of TSC-associated epilepsy, aberrant mTOR signaling has been repeatedly demonstrated, and conditional knockout of TSC1 or TSC2 in various brain cell populations was observed to be associated with elevated levels of mTOR signaling and seizures in several different transgenic mouse models.…”