“…Chronic respiratory disease or avian mycoplasmosis has been reported in all Australian states and is thought to have been present since 1933 on the basis of clinical and serological evidence (Seddon 1965 ) . Although Mycoplasma spp frequently have been isolated from the upper respiratory tract of fowls (Cottew 1956), the significance of such isolates remains uncertain, due to the difficulty of distinguishing between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. Gilchrist (1963) reported the isolation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum from fowls on the basis of biochemical and cultural examination of the strains, but it is now generally accepted that serological, as well as biochemical and cultural characterisation is necessary for the identification of avian mycoplasmas (Fabricant 1969).…”