A chitinase from pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei involved in immune regulation

Niu, Shengwen; Yang, Linwei; Zuo, Hongliang; Zheng, Jiefu; Weng, Shaoping; He, Jianguo; Xu, Xiaopeng

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2018.04.013

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Chitinase is proposed and preliminarily validated to be functional in shrimp innate immune defence and phagocytosis, as exemplified by the newly analysed L. vannamei chitinase 5 (LvChi5) [31]. The biological immune defence role played by chitin deacetylase through chitin in shrimp is shown from its gene expression upregulation in a challenge experiment of Exopalaemon carinicauda against V. parahaemolyticus [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential transcriptome analysis of the disease tolerant Madagascar–Malaysia crossbred black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon hepatopancreas in response to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) infection: inference on immune gene response and interaction

et al. 2019

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Background Penaeus monodon is the second most widely cultured marine shrimp species in the global shrimp aquaculture industry. However, the growth of P. monodon production has been constantly impaired by disease outbreaks. Recently, there is a lethal bacterial infection, known as acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND strain ( Vp AHPND ), which led to mass mortalities in P. monodon . Unfortunately, there is still insufficient knowledge about the underlying immune response of P. monodon upon AHPND infection. The present study aims to provide an insight into the antibacterial immune response elicited by P. monodon hepatopancreas towards AHPND infection. Methods We have employed high-throughput RNA-Seq technology to uncover the transcriptome changes of P. monodon hepatopancreas when challenged with Vp AHPND . The shrimps were challenged with Vp AHPND through immersion method with dissected hepatopancreas samples for the control group (APm-CTL) and treatment group at 3 (APm-T3), 6 (APm-T6), and 24 (APm-T24) hours post-AHPND infection sent for RNA-Seq. The transcriptome de novo assembly and Unigene expression determination were conducted using Trinity, Tgicl, Bowtie2, and RSEM software. The differentially expressed transcripts were functionally annotated mainly through COG, GO, and KEGG databases. Results The sequencing reads generated were filtered to obtain 312.77 Mb clean reads and assembled into 48662 Unigenes. Based on the DEGs pattern identified, it is inferred that the PAMPs carried by Vp AHPND or associated toxins are capable of activating PRRs, which leads to subsequent pathway activation, transcriptional modification, and antibacterial responses (Phagocytosis, AMPs, proPO system). DAMPs are released in response to cell stress or damage to further activate the sequential immune responses. The comprehensive interactions between Vp AHPND , chitin, GbpA, mucin, chitinase, and chitin deacetylase were postulated to be involved in bacterial colonization or antibacterial response. Conclusions The outcomes of this research correlate the different stages of P. monodon immune response to different time points of AHPND infection. This finding supports the development of biomarkers for the detection of early stages of Vp AHPND colonization in P. monodon through host immune expression changes. The potential genes to be utilized as biomarkers include but not limited to C-type lectin, HMGB1, IMD, AL...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential transcriptome analysis of the disease tolerant Madagascar–Malaysia crossbred black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon hepatopancreas in response to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) infection: inference on immune gene response and interaction

et al. 2019

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“…The LsChi4 expression was not regulated according to molt, and its functional role could be molting independent, such as having a role in immunity as observed for one of the chitinases in L . vannemei [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chitin synthesis inhibitor treatment on Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae) larvae

et al. 2019

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The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is an ectoparasite infecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), which causes substantial problems to the salmon aquaculture and threatens wild salmon. Chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) are used to control L. salmonis in aquaculture. CSIs act by interfering with chitin formation and molting. In the present study, we investigated the action of four CSIs: diflubenzuron (DFB), hexaflumuron (HX), lufenuron (LF), and teflubenzuron (TFB) on larval molt. As the mode of action of CSIs remains unknown, we selected key enzymes in chitin metabolism and investigated if CSI treatment influenced the transcriptional level of these genes. All four CSIs interfered with the nauplius II molt to copepodids in a dose-dependent manner. The EC50 values were 93.2 nM for diflubenzuron, 1.2 nM for hexaflumuron, 22.4 nM for lufenuron, and 11.7 nM for teflubenzuron. Of the investigated genes, only the transcriptional level of L. salmonis chitin synthase 1 decreased significantly in hexaflumuron and diflubenzuron-treated larvae. All the tested CSIs affected the molt of nauplius II L. salmonis larvae but at different concentrations. The larvae were most sensitive to hexaflumuron and less sensitive to diflubenzuron. None of the CSIs applied had a strong impact on the transcriptional level of chitin synthesis or chitinases genes in L. salmonis. Further research is necessary to get more knowledge of the nature of the inhibition of CSI and may require methods such as studies of protein structure and enzymological studies.

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“…The first full-length cDNA of an insect chitinase gene was cloned from Manduca sexta [ 26 ]. Chitinase genes have also been isolated from different crustaceans, such as the Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) , Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis) , black tiger shrimp ( Penaeus monodon) , ridge tail white prawn ( Exopalaemon carinicauda) , and juvenile kuruma shrimp ( Marsupenaeus japonicus) [ 27 ]. Acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and chitotriosidase (Chit1) are two different types of chitinases that are produced by mammals.…”

Section: Sources Of Chitinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on Chitinolytic Enzymes and Their Agro-Industrial Applications

Poria

Rana

Kumari

et al. 2021

Biology

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Chitinases are a large and diversified category of enzymes that break down chitin, the world’s second most prevalent polymer after cellulose. GH18 is the most studied family of chitinases, even though chitinolytic enzymes come from a variety of glycosyl hydrolase (GH) families. Most of the distinct GH families, as well as the unique structural and catalytic features of various chitinolytic enzymes, have been thoroughly explored to demonstrate their use in the development of tailor-made chitinases by protein engineering. Although chitin-degrading enzymes may be found in plants and other organisms, such as arthropods, mollusks, protozoans, and nematodes, microbial chitinases are a promising and sustainable option for industrial production. Despite this, the inducible nature, low titer, high production expenses, and susceptibility to severe environments are barriers to upscaling microbial chitinase production. The goal of this study is to address all of the elements that influence microbial fermentation for chitinase production, as well as the purifying procedures for attaining high-quality yield and purity.

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A chitinase from pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei involved in immune regulation

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Differential transcriptome analysis of the disease tolerant Madagascar–Malaysia crossbred black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon hepatopancreas in response to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) infection: inference on immune gene response and interaction

Differential transcriptome analysis of the disease tolerant Madagascar–Malaysia crossbred black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon hepatopancreas in response to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) infection: inference on immune gene response and interaction

Effects of chitin synthesis inhibitor treatment on Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae) larvae

Current Perspectives on Chitinolytic Enzymes and Their Agro-Industrial Applications

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