A Chemiluminescent Analyzer for Stratospheric Measurements of the Ozone Concentration (FOZAN)

Yushkov, V.; Oulanovsky, A.; Lechenuk, N.; Roudakov, I.; Аршинов, К. И.; Tikhonov, F.; Stefanutti, L.; Ravegnani, F.; Bonafè, U.; Georgiadis, T.

doi:10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1345:acafsm>2.0.co;2

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ozone measurements were performed by the FOZAN-II (Fast Ozone Analyzer) instrument jointly developed and operated by the Central Aerological Observatory, Russia, and Institute of Atmospheric Science and Climate, Italy (Ulanovsky et al, 2001;Yushkov et al, 1999). It has two channels with solid state chemiluminescent sensors and measures ozone in the concentration range of 10-500 µg/m 3 (corresponding to about 50-2500 ppb for the pressures and temperatures in the tropical UTLS) with a time resolution of 1 s and a precision of <10% at ambient pressures between 30 and 1000 hPa.…”

Section: Field Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for heterogeneous chlorine activation in the tropical UTLS

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Airborne in-situ observations of ClO in the tropics were made during the TROCCINOX (Aracatuba, Brazil, February 2005) and SCOUT-O 3 (Darwin, Australia, November/December 2005) field campaigns. While during most flights significant amounts of ClO (≈10-20 parts per trillion, ppt) were present only in aged stratospheric air, instances of enhanced ClO mixing ratios of up to 40 ppt -significantly exceeding those expected from gas phase chemistry -were observed in air masses of a more tropospheric character. Most of these observations are associated with low temperatures or with the presence of cirrus clouds (often both), suggesting that cirrus ice particles and/or liquid aerosol at low temperatures may promote significant heterogeneous chlorine activation in the tropical upper troposphere lower stratosphere (UTLS). In two case studies, particularly high levels of ClO observed were reproduced by chemistry simulations only under the assumption that significant denoxification had occurred in the observed air. However, to reproduce the ClO observations in these simulations, O 3 mixing ratios higher than observed had to be assumed, and at least for one of these flights, a significant denoxification is in contrast to the observed NO levels, suggesting that the coupling of chlorine and nitrogen compounds in the tropical UTLS may not be completely understood.

show abstract

Section: Field Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for heterogeneous chlorine activation in the tropical UTLS

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ozone mixing ratios have been determined using the Fast OZone ANalyzer (FOZAN), which is a chemiluminescence sensor operating with an precision of 0.01 ppm and an accuracy of 8% (Yushkov et al, 1999). The ambient temperature has been measured using a Thermo Dynamic Complex (TDC) probe with an accuracy of 0.5 K. Other parameters such as position and true air speed have been adopted from the onboard navigational system UCSE (Unified Communications for Systems Engineer) of the "Geophysica" aricraft.…”

Section: Other Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for ice particles in the tropical stratosphere from in-situ measurements

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In-situ ice crystal size distribution measurements are presented within the tropical troposphere and lower stratosphere. The measurements were performed using a combination of a Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP-100) and a Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP), which were installed on the Russian high altitude research aircraft M55 "Geophysica" during the SCOUT-O 3 campaign in Darwin, Australia. One of the objectives of the campaign was to characterise the Hector convective system, which appears on an almost daily basis during the pre-monsoon season over the Tiwi Islands, north of Darwin. In total 90 encounters with ice clouds, between 10 and 19 km altitude were selected from the dataset and were analysed. Six of these encounters were observed in the lower stratosphere, up to 1.4 km above the local tropopause. Concurrent lidar measurements on board "Geophysica" indicate that these ice clouds were a result of overshooting convection. Large ice crystals, with a maximum dimension up to 400 µm, were observed in the stratosphere. The stratospheric ice clouds included an ice water content ranging from 7.7×10 −5 to 8.5×10 −4 g m −3 and were observed at ambient relative humidities (with respect to ice) between 75 and 157%. Three modal lognormal size distributions were fitted to the average size distributions for different potential temperature intervals, showing that the Correspondence to: S. Borrmann (stephan.borrmann@mpic.de) shape of the size distribution of the stratospheric ice clouds are similar to those observed in the upper troposphere.In the tropical troposphere the effective radius of the ice cloud particles decreases from 100 µm at about 10 km altitude, to 3 µm at the tropopause, while the ice water content decreases from 0.04 to 10 −5 g m −3 . No clear trend in the number concentration was observed with altitude, due to the thin and inhomogeneous characteristics of the observed cirrus clouds.The ice water content calculated from the observed ice crystal size distribution is compared to the ice water content derived from two hygrometer instruments. This independent measurement of the ice water content agrees within the combined uncertainty of the instruments for ice water contents exceeding 3×10 −4 g m −3 .Stratospheric residence times, calculated based on gravitational settling, and evaporation rates show that the ice crystals observed in the stratosphere over the Hector storm system had a high potential of humidifying the stratosphere locally.

show abstract

“…Measurements of O 3 were made using FOZAN (Fast OZone ANalyzer, Yushkov et al (1999)), H 2 O using FISH (Fast In-situ Stratospheric Hygrometer, Schiller et al (2009)), CO 2 using HAGAR (High Altitude Gas AnalyzeR, Volk et al (2000)), NO using SIOUX (see Voigt et al (2008) and references therein) CO using COLD (Cryogenically Operated Laser Diode, Viciani et al (2008)), N 6−14 using COPAS (COndensation PArticle counter Systems) ), BSR and δ a by MAS (Multiwavelength Aerosol Scatterometer, Adriani et al (1999)). Relative humidity with respect to ice freezing (RHI) is estimated from observed H 2 O, temperature and pressure using the formula prescribed by the World Meteorological Organization and the Marti and Mauersberger (1993) formula for saturation pressure over ice.…”

Section: M55 Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of deep convection in the tropical tropopause layer in West Africa: in-situ observations and mesoscale modelling

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present the analysis of the impact of convection on the composition of the tropical tropopause layer region (TTL) in West-Africa during the AMMA-SCOUT campaign. Geophysica M55 aircraft observations of water vapor, ozone, aerosol and CO 2 during August 2006 show perturbed values at altitudes ranging from 14 km to 17 km (above the main convective outflow) and satellite data indicates that air detrainment is likely to have originated from convective cloud east of the flights. Simulations of the BO-LAM mesoscale model, nudged with infrared radiance temperatures, are used to estimate the convective impact in the upper troposphere and to assess the fraction of air processed by convection. The analysis shows that BOLAM correctly reproduces the location and the vertical structure of convective outflow. Model-aided analysis indicates that convection can influence the composition of the upper troposphere above the level of main outflow for an event of deep convection close to the observation site. Model analysis also shows that deep convection occurring in the entire Sahelian transect (up to 2000 km E of the measurement area) has a non negligible role in determining TTL composition.

show abstract

A Chemiluminescent Analyzer for Stratospheric Measurements of the Ozone Concentration (FOZAN)

Cited by 51 publications

References 5 publications

Evidence for heterogeneous chlorine activation in the tropical UTLS

Evidence for heterogeneous chlorine activation in the tropical UTLS

Evidence for ice particles in the tropical stratosphere from in-situ measurements

Impact of deep convection in the tropical tropopause layer in West Africa: in-situ observations and mesoscale modelling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About