A chemical and physical investigation of the cell walls of some marine algae

Cronshaw, James; Myers, Alan M.; Preston, R. D.

doi:10.1016/0006-3002(58)90295-6

Cited by 132 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This agrees with the observations of Cronshaw et al (1958) who find the microfibrillar fraction low in the red algae. Various polysaccharides composed mostly of residues esterified by sulfuric acid have been reported present in the cell wall (Haas et al 1923), but these show no structural identity in the electron microscope.…”

Section: H) Cell Wall and Limmng Membranbsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Myers et al (1959) published photographs of the pits in Laurencia and Rhodymenia, and cell wall structure has been examined to some extent by Cronshaw et al (1958) and Myers et al (1956), while Mitrakos (1960 observed the fine structure of pyrenoids and chromatophores in five genera. Other than these investigations there appear to be no published studies on the ultrastructure of the red algae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brody and Vatter (1959) examined the uhrastructure of the unicellular red alga Porphyridium cruentum to determine the relative positions of the phycobilins and the chlorophylls in the cell as well as the influence of different light intensities on cell structure. Myers et al (1959) published photographs of the pits in Laurencia and Rhodymenia, and cell wall structure has been examined to some extent by Cronshaw et al (1958) and Myers et al (1956), while Mitrakos (1960) observed the fine structure of pyrenoids and chromatophores in five genera. Other than these investigations there appear to be no published studies on the ultrastructure of the red algae.…”

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confidence: 99%

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CHROMATOPHORE DEVELOPMENT, PITS, AND OTHER FINE STRUCTURE IN THE RED ALGA, LOMENTARIA BAILEYANA (HARV.) FARLOW

Bouck

1962

The Journal of Cell Biology

111

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Thin sections of the red alga, Lomentaria baileyana, a tubular member of the Rhodymeniales, were examined after permanganate fixation and Araldite embedding. Many of the cellular structures in Lomentaria were found to be similar to analogous structures in animals and higher plants. However, in the walls between cells are modified areas generally known as pits which are unique to the higher orders of red algae (Florideae). In this study the pits were found to consist of a plug-like structure surrounded by an uninterrupted membrane apparently continuous with the plasma membrane. Examination of the chromatophore revealed a characteristic limiting membrane, a relatively sparse distribution of plates, no grana, and a single disc apparently oriented parallel to the limiting membrane. In addition to their origin from non-lamellate proplastids, chromatophores were found capable of division by simple constriction. Floridean starch grains were observed outside the chromatophore and the possibility of an association of the first formed grains with portions of the endoplasmic reticulum is considered. Gland ceils seem to have a high proportion of Golgi components (dictyosomes), and are believed to have some kind of secretory function. Many of the Golgi vesicles seem to open on the wall and presumably discharge their contents.In view of the paucity of available knowledge on the fine structure of the red algae, a detailed investigation of certain features of this group has seemed warranted. Pits, gland cells, mitochondria, and the origin of chromatophores have received little attention in previous electron microscope studies, and the present work was undertaken to further clarify the structure of some of these organelles.Brody and Vatter (1959) examined the uhrastructure of the unicellular red alga Porphyridium cruentum to determine the relative positions of the phycobilins and the chlorophylls in the cell as well as the influence of different light intensities on cell structure. Myers et al. (1959) published photographs of the pits in Laurencia and Rhodymenia, and cell wall structure has been examined to some extent by Cronshaw et al. (1958) and Myers et al. (1956), while Mitrakos (1960 observed the fine structure of pyrenoids and chromatophores in five genera. Other than these investigations there appear to be no published studies on the ultrastructure of the red algae.The red algae are characterized by the presence of accessory phycobilin pigments, a unique reproduction system, and the absence of motile spores. Other features--the ones investigated in the present study--are the formation of the carbohydrate food reserve (Floridean starch) outside the chromatophore, the presence of pits between cells of the higher orders, and the occurrence of "gland" cells in certain members of the group. The chlorophyllcontaining body in these plants has been variously referred to as the chloroplast, rhodoplast, or 553 on

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Section: H) Cell Wall and Limmng Membranbsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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CHROMATOPHORE DEVELOPMENT, PITS, AND OTHER FINE STRUCTURE IN THE RED ALGA, LOMENTARIA BAILEYANA (HARV.) FARLOW

Bouck

1962

The Journal of Cell Biology

111

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“…Several years later Nicolai & Preston (1952) investigated an unidentified species of Enteromorpha and concluded that the main cell wall component was not "native" cellulose but a derivative of cellulose II. These findings were supported by the results of an investigation of the hydrolysis products of various cell wall fractions carried out by Cronshaw et al (1958). These workers found that in addition to the expected glucose, other sugars such as xylose, galactose and rhamnose were present in varying amounts in each of the cell wall fraction hydrolysates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The ultrastructure of cell walls inEnteromorpha intestinalis(L.) link

McArthur¹,

Moss²

1977

British Phycological Journal

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“…Traditionally, cellulose structure has been studied at high resolution through scanning electron microscopy (7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) or transmission electron microscopy. (9,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) In these techniques, cellulose samples must be prepared through drying, coating or staining methods that render the samples compatible with electron microscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced-Microscopy Techniques for the Characterization of Cellulose Structure and Cellulose-Cellulase Interactions

Moran‐Mirabal¹

2013

Cellulose - Fundamental Aspects

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A chemical and physical investigation of the cell walls of some marine algae

Cited by 132 publications

References 6 publications

CHROMATOPHORE DEVELOPMENT, PITS, AND OTHER FINE STRUCTURE IN THE RED ALGA, LOMENTARIA BAILEYANA (HARV.) FARLOW

CHROMATOPHORE DEVELOPMENT, PITS, AND OTHER FINE STRUCTURE IN THE RED ALGA, LOMENTARIA BAILEYANA (HARV.) FARLOW

The ultrastructure of cell walls inEnteromorpha intestinalis(L.) link

Advanced-Microscopy Techniques for the Characterization of Cellulose Structure and Cellulose-Cellulase Interactions

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