A characterization of rare earth elements in coal ash generated during the utilization of Australian coals

Palozzi, Jason; Bailey, Judy G.; Tran, Quang Anh; Stanger, Rohan

doi:10.1080/19392699.2022.2159948

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With analytical strategies, such as mathematical corrections, multi-element calibrations, and internal standardization, accurate REE results can be obtained in different types of water samples with precisions in the range of 5%-15% (RSD). In studies related to the investigation of the economic aspects of REEs in coal-by products, ICP-MS was used for the determination of REEs [104]. REEs and several other trace elements including U and Th were determined by ICP-MS to understand the nature of the parent sediments from which these rocks were derived and to create an elemental fingerprint in phosphate rocks from the El-Sibayia and El-Hamrawein mines in Egypt [105].…”

Section: Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry (Icp-ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such studies help in devising cost-effective procedures for the leaching and recovery of REEs from different ores. Palozzi, et al [104] used SEM-EDS and integrated mineral analysis (TIMA) to study fine <5 µm monazite grains in the coal fly ash which were typically bound to Al/Si-rich phases. These studies helped to devise more efficient extraction procedures using aqua regia.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microprobe (Sem-eds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Balaram

2023

Minerals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of analytical techniques is important and critical in all areas related to REE, such as basic fundamental research, exploration, mining, extraction, and metallurgical activities at different stages by different industries. At every stage of these activities, rock, ore, minerals, and other related materials have to be analyzed for their REE contents in terms of elemental, isotopic, and mineralogical concentrations using different analytical techniques. Spectacular developments have taken place in the area of analytical instrumentation during the last four decades, with some of them having shrunk in size and become handheld. Among laboratory-based techniques, F-AAS, GF-AAS, ICP-OES, and MP-AES have become very popular. Because of high sensitivity, fewer interference effects, and ease of use, ICP-MS techniques, such as quadrupole ICP-MS, ICP-MS/MS, ICP-TOF-MS, MH-ICP-MS, HR-ICP-MS, and MC-ICP-MS, with both solution nebulization as well as direct solid analysis using laser ablation sample introduction methods, have become more popular for REE analysis. For direct analysis of solids, INAA, XRF, and LIBS techniques, as well as LA-based ICP-MS techniques, are being extensively utilized. The LIBS technique in particular requires little to no sample preparation. TIMS, SIMS, and SHRIMP techniques are being used for isotopic as well as dating REE depots. Portable analytical techniques, such as pXRF, pLIBS, and Raman spectrometers are able to perform in situ analysis even in the field, helping to make fast decisions during exploration studies. At present, hyperspectral remote sensing techniques including handheld, drone, and satellite-based techniques have become very popular in REE exploration studies because of their ability to cover larger areas in a limited time and, thus, became very cost-effective. Deployment of microanalytical devices/sensors mounted in remotely operated vehicles (ROV) is being successfully utilized in detecting REE-rich deposits in the deep oceans. Providing updated in-depth information on all these important aspects with suitable examples, especially from the point of view of REE research studies is the focal point of this review article.

show abstract

Section: Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry (Icp-ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scanning Electron Microprobe (Sem-eds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Balaram

2023

Minerals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, lot of studies are going on for the identification of the potential alternative deposits to meet the growing demand world over. Powerful analytical techniques such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX), x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and TESCAN, integrated mineral analysis (TIMA), are being utilised to understand the future potential of various alternative REE resources [33][34][35][36]. Following are some of the most important alternative sources for REE.…”

Section: Different Types Potential Alternative Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Future Alternative Resources for Rare Earth Elements: Opportunities and Challenges

Balaram¹

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, there is increasing industrial demand for rare earth elements (REE) as these elements are now integral to the manufacture of many carbon-neutral technologies. The depleting REE ores and increasing mining costs are prompting to look for alternative sources for these valuable metals, particularly from waste streams. Although REE concentrations in most of the alternate resources are lower than current REE ores, some sources such as marine sediments, coal ash, and industrial wastes like red mud are looking promising with significant concentrations of REE in them. This review focuses on the alternative resources for REE such as ocean bottom sediments, continental shelf sediments, river sediments, stream sediments, lake sediments, phosphorites deposits, industrial waste products like red mud, and phosphogypsum, coal, coal fly ash, and related materials, waste rock sources from old and closed mines, acid mine drainage, and recycling of e-waste. Possible future Moon exploration and mining for REE and other valuable minerals are also discussed. It is evident that REE extractions from both primary and secondary ores alone are not adequate to meet the current demand, and sustainable REE recovery from the alternative resources described here is also necessary to meet the growing REE demand. An attempt is made to identify the potential of these alternative resources and sustainability challenges, benefits, and possible environmental hazards to meet the growing challenges in meeting the future REE requirements.

show abstract

“…Due to its high sensitivity, low detection limit, and broad linear range, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has become one of the most competitive and promising methods for trace and ultratrace REE analysis in geological materials [7,[23][24][25] and is widely used in trace element testing compared to other analytical techniques like neutron activation analysis [26][27][28][29][30], X-ray fluorescence spectrometry [31][32][33], laser-induced breakdown spectrometry [34][35][36][37], atomic absorption spectroscopy [38][39][40][41], and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry [42][43][44][45]. There have been many reports of concentrations of trace elements in coals that were successfully determined by ICP-MS [46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. However, the determination of Eu by ICP-MS is often interfered with due to the overlapping of M + , MO + , and MOH + ions [53][54][55], especially the polyatomic ions BaO and BaOH formed by Ba [20,22,56,57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Determination of Eu Concentration in Coal and Sedimentary Rock Samples Using High-Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS)

Zhao,

Liu,

Jia

et al. 2023

Minerals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Europium (Eu) in coal and sedimentary rocks has important mineral resource potential as well as being a crucial parameter in geochemical studies that can represent changes in the depositional environment during coal deposition and identify the depositional source region. Therefore, it is essential to realize the precise measurement of Eu in coal as this could be a useful parameter for paleoenvironmental reconstruction studies and the exploration of mineral resources. During inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, polyatomic ions of Ba may interfere with Eu, causing the observed value to be higher than the actual value. This paper develops a new approach for Eu determination by using a high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS). The mass spectral interference and correction of Eu in the coal and sedimentary rock samples at low, medium, and high resolutions were investigated. The results showed that in the high-resolution mode (resolution = 10,000 amu), the interference of polyatomic ions of Ba could be distinguished from Eu; hence, Eu was determined under this circumstance. Under the optimal experimental circumstances, the detection limit was 0.006 μg/mL, the relative standard deviation was 0.80%–1.22%, and the linear correlation coefficient of the standard curve was over 0.9999. The recoveries of the 103Rh internal standard solution ranged from 94.41% to 100.10%. This method was verified using standard reference materials and selected samples, which demonstrated its high sensitivity, accuracy, and reliability, and a low detection limit, making it appropriate for detecting Eu in samples of coal and sedimentary rocks.

show abstract

A characterization of rare earth elements in coal ash generated during the utilization of Australian coals

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Potential Future Alternative Resources for Rare Earth Elements: Opportunities and Challenges

Precise Determination of Eu Concentration in Coal and Sedimentary Rock Samples Using High-Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About