A characterisation model to address the environmental impact of green water flows for water scarcity footprints

Quinteiro, Paula; Rafael, Sandra; Villanueva-Rey, Pedro; Ridoutt, Bradley G.; Lopes, Myriam; Arroja, Luís; Dias, Ana Cláudia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.201

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In our study, damage arising from reduced water availability for hygiene depended on local circumstances, e.g., the distance between the residents and the nearest well, and was therefore difficult to assess [ 44 ]. Last but not least, green water is crucial to support plant growth in rain-fed regions, and a comparison of different models has shown that green water consumption for agricultural production was about 4 or 5 times greater than blue water consumption in global crop production [ 71 , 72 , 73 ]. Studies focused on the environmental impacts of green water consumption have been conducted in recent years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quinteiro et al proposed a method of assessing impacts on terrestrial green water flows, taking into account the green water use/atmosphere and green water use/soil interfaces [ 75 ]. Quinteiro et al developed two new sets of spatially differentiated and globally applicable characterization factors to assess the environmental impact of green water flows [ 73 ]. The focus of this manuscript was blue water resources, and the environmental impacts of green water consumption were not included, which was mainly due to the lack of data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Due to Blue Water Consumption in China from Production and Consumption Perspectives

Liu

2018

IJERPH

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Current environmental impact analyses are mainly focused on land, soil, energy, and material consumption, while studies regarding blue water consumption are scarce. Based on the water footprint concept, this study evaluates the impacts of blue water consumption on human health, ecosystem quality, and water resources in China from the production and consumption perspective, respectively. The results indicate that environmental impacts due to blue water consumption in China were 15.82 × 106 DALY (disability-adjusted life years), 96.54 × 109 m2∙year, and 175.20 × 109 MJ, and provinces such as Xinjiang, Shandong, and Hebei could be targets for achieving smaller environmental impacts in the future. More than 80% of environmental impacts were related to the agricultural sector. In terms of agricultural production, about 70% of the environmental impacts were related to product export. Measures such as the shift of the agricultural production pattern from water-intensive crops and animal products toward less water-intensive ones, the increase of agricultural water use efficiency, and the adoption of water-saving technologies could contribute to smaller environmental impacts. In terms of agricultural consumption, more than 95% of the environmental impacts were related to agricultural products produced locally. The focus was on increasing awareness of the importance of saving water and whether products were imported from regions with relatively small environmental impacts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Due to Blue Water Consumption in China from Production and Consumption Perspectives

Liu

2018

IJERPH

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“…China LCA (Life cycle assessment) • Significant change in green water flow occurring in Central regions of China [111] MRIO (Multi-Regional input-output model)…”

Section: Regions or Countries Model Major Findings Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millets for Food Security in the Context of Climate Change: A Review

et al. 2018

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A growing population means an ever-increasing demand for food. This global concern has led to antagonism over resources such as water and soil. Climate change can directly influence the quality and availability of these resources, thereby adversely affecting our food systems and crop productivity, especially of major cereals such as rice, wheat and maize. In this review, we have looked at the availability of resources such as water and soil based on several modeling scenarios in different regions of the world. Most of these models predict that there will be a reduction in production rates of various cereal crops. Furthermore, all the major cereal crops are known to have a higher contribution to global warming than alternative crops such as millets which should be considered in mitigating global food insecurity. In this study, we have used the data to predict which regions of the world are most adversely affected by climate change and how the cultivation of millets and other crops could aid in the reduction of stress on environmental resources.

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“…The need to know the quantity of water lost from lakes through evaporation is common in mass balance studies of lake water and lake chemistry [WINTER et al 1995]. The water lost from vegetation through evapotranspiration respectively green water plays a prominent role in the global crop production with environmental impact [QUINTEIRO et al 2018]. The evapotranspiration is assumed equal to the evaporation demand which is normally represented by pan evaporation or potential evapotranspiration [MORTON 1983].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of simple temperature-based evaporation methods compared with a time series of pan evaporation measures from a standard 20 m2 tank

Ansorge

Beran

2019

Journal of Water and Land Development

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Evaporation and evapotranspiration is crucial part of hydrological and water resource management studies e.g. water footprinting. Proper methods for estimating evaporation/potential evapotranspiration using limited climatic data are critical if the availability of climatic data is extremely limited. In a large scale studies are very often used generalized (modelled or gridded) input data. For a large scale water footprint studies is also important to find methods as simple as possible with quantifiable error. In our study, nine simple temperature-based empirical equations were compared with a long term time series of real evaporation data from a 20 m2 tank at Hlasivo station. In the first step, we used real temperature measured at Hlasivo station for validation of equations. In the second step, the gridded temperature data (interpolated datasets) derived from the meteorological stations were used. For both datasets, the differences between observed and predicted values were categorized into three groups of accuracy and the statistical indices of each equation were calculated. Very good results were achieved with the Hamon equation from 1961 and the Oudin equation for both datasets with index of agreement (d) higher than 0.9, cross-correlation coefficient (R2) around 0.7 and root mean square error (RMSE) around 0.5 mm∙(24 h)−1 The Kharrufa equation, which was developed for semi-arid or arid areas, also provides results with sufficient accuracy. Comparison of the results with similar studies showed a lower accuracy of very simple equations against more complex equations, which have RMSE lower than 0.25 mm∙(24 h)−1. But for some kind of studies, quantifiable errors with sufficient accuracy can be more important than the absolute accuracy.

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A characterisation model to address the environmental impact of green water flows for water scarcity footprints

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Due to Blue Water Consumption in China from Production and Consumption Perspectives

Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Due to Blue Water Consumption in China from Production and Consumption Perspectives

Millets for Food Security in the Context of Climate Change: A Review

Performance of simple temperature-based evaporation methods compared with a time series of pan evaporation measures from a standard 20 m2 tank

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