A challenging dissociation in masked identity priming with the lexical decision task

Perea, Manuel; Jiménez, María; Gómez, Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.01.014

Cited by 30 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…1 In an elegant masked-priming lexical decision experiment, Jacobs, Grainger, and Ferrand (1995) compared matched-case versus mismatched-case identity word pairs (YEUX-####-YEUX vs. yeux-####-YEUX [eyes]) and found that, despite the greater visual similarity for the matched-case identity pairs, word identification times were virtually the same in the two conditions. Perea, Jiménez, and Gómez (2014) replicated the Jacobs et al (1995) pattern in words with high degree of cross-case visual similarity (e.g., city-###-CITY = CITY-###-CITY) and in words with low degree of crosscase visual similarity (e.g., edge-###-EDGE = EDGE-###-EDGE; see also Perea, Jiménez, & Gomez, 2015, for evidence with developing readers). Furthermore, the magnitude of the repetition priming effect (i.e., identity condition vs. unrelated condition) was similar in both types of stimuli, thus replicating Bowers, Vigliocco, and Haan (1998).…”

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confidence: 66%

“…That is, if prelexical orthographic representations are tapped into relatively early in processing, then N/P150 differences due to prime-target visual dissimilarity would be expected to dissipate in later epochs (N250) not only for words, but also for pseudowords. However, if the early difference due to visual dissimilarity does not dissipate for pseudowords, as would be inferred from previous behavioral evidence (Jacobs et al, 1995;Perea et al, 2014), then this would imply that the N250 component reflects lexical rather than (abstract) orthographic effects. Importantly, a word-pseudoword dissociation in the N250 component would also imply that the orthographic (abstract) encoding of words is modulated by lexical factors, thus posing strong problems for purely feedforward accounts of letter-word processing.…”

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confidence: 84%

“…However, the number of these pairs for word stimuli was just too small to obtain stable ERP waves. At the behavioral level, Perea et al (2014) found that cross-case feature similarity did not play a role in the dissociation effect of matched-versus mismatched-case identity priming for words and pseudowords (e.g., pseudowords: CIKY-CIKY < ciky-CIKY [cross-case visually similar stimuli] and EDEL-EDEL < edel-EDEL [cross-case visually dissimilar stimuli]; words: edge-EDGE = EDGE-EDGE and kiss-KISS = KISS-KISS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 For consistency with previous research on this issue (e.g., Jacobs et al, 1995;Perea et al, 2014), we also included unrelated words and pseudowords as primes-half of the unrelated primes in lowercase and the other half in uppercase.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To explain this dissociation, Perea et al (2014) argued that, for words, fast access to abstract lexical representations makes the visual dissimilarity between prime and target irrelevant for further processes. In contrast, for pseudowords, there is no abstract lexical representation that could cancel out the facilitative effect of case-specific identity priming.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lexical enhancement during prime–target integration: ERP evidence from matched-case identity priming

Vergara-Martínez

Gómez

Jiménez

et al. 2014

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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A number of experiments have revealed that matched-case identity PRIME-TARGET pairs are responded to faster than mismatched-case identity prime-TARGET pairs for pseudowords (e.g., JUDPE-JUDPE < judpe-JUDPE), but not for words (JUDGE-JUDGE = judge-JUDGE). These findings suggest that prime-target integration processes are enhanced when the stimuli tap onto lexical representations, overriding physical differences between the stimuli (e.g., case). To track the time course of this phenomenon, we conducted an event-related potential (ERP) masked-priming lexical decision experiment that manipulated matched versus mismatched case identity in words and pseudowords. The behavioral results replicated previous research. The ERP waves revealed that matched-case identity-priming effects were found at a very early time epoch (N/P150 effects) for words and pseudowords. Importantly, around 200 ms after target onset (N250), these differences disappeared for words but not for pseudowords. These findings suggest that different-case word forms (lower-and uppercase) tap into the same abstract representation, leading to prime-target integration very early in processing. In contrast, different-case pseudoword forms are processed as two different representations. This word-pseudoword dissociation has important implications for neural accounts of visual-word recognition.Keywords Masked priming . ERP correlates . N250 . Visual-word recognition Despite the variability in physical appearance of a written word (e.g., house, HOUSE, house), skilled readers are able to access the appropriate lexical entry in a few hundreds of milliseconds. When and how the stimulus features are coded in an abstract manner are the main questions in this article. These are not trivial issues, since this process of abstraction might take place at an individual-letter level, at a graphemic level, at a whole-word level, or even at a semantic level. To make matters even more complex, feedforward and feedback connections might also exist among the levels.There is some consensus among researchers that a word's constituent letters are coded in an abstract form that is independent of its physical features (see Bowers, 2000, andThompson, 2009, for reviews). Although initially the wordprocessing system is sensitive to differences in the visual features of stimuli, these differences are quickly diffused by mapping these features onto unique orthographic abstract representations (see Dehaene, Cohen, Sigman, &Vinckier, 2005, andGrainger, Rey, &Dufau, 2008, for neurally motivated accounts of this phenomenon). The assumption that abstract representations are rapidly accessible during visualword recognition has come mainly from previous experimental evidence using the masked-priming technique (Forster & Davis, 1984; see Grainger, 2008, for a review; see Dehaene et al

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confidence: 66%

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confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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