A Cerospora Leaf Spot Model for Sugar Beet: In Practice by an Industry

Challenges and Prospects for Building Resilient Disease Management Strategies and Tactics for the New York Table Beet Industry

“…This may lead to reductions in fungicide usage with environmental and economic benefits and reduced exposure to pesticides when not warranted. However, complicating the decision to apply fungicides and maintain season-long disease control are inherently the risk-averse attitudes of growers due to the high economic impacts of CLS epidemics [73][74][75].…”

“…Studies on the effects of weather on infection and sporulation and the relationship between disease intensity and crop loss have led to the development of several forecasting systems for CLS in sugar beet [74][75][76][77]. The objective of these predictive systems is scheduling the first and/or subsequent application of fungicides to coincidence with environmental conditions that promote infection.…”

“…The objective of these predictive systems is scheduling the first and/or subsequent application of fungicides to coincidence with environmental conditions that promote infection. For example, the CLS forecasting system used in sugar beet in North Dakota, USA (NDAWN; [75]) integrates in-field disease monitoring and prediction of infection events based on meteorological conditions. Disease monitoring usually begins at canopy closure (~90% of plants from adjoining rows touching) and continues on a weekly basis [75].…”

“…For example, the CLS forecasting system used in sugar beet in North Dakota, USA (NDAWN; [75]) integrates in-field disease monitoring and prediction of infection events based on meteorological conditions. Disease monitoring usually begins at canopy closure (~90% of plants from adjoining rows touching) and continues on a weekly basis [75]. The combination of temperature and rainfall data for the previous 48 h is expressed as daily infection values (DIVs), which range from zero to seven [75].…”

“…Disease monitoring usually begins at canopy closure (~90% of plants from adjoining rows touching) and continues on a weekly basis [75]. The combination of temperature and rainfall data for the previous 48 h is expressed as daily infection values (DIVs), which range from zero to seven [75]. If the sum of DIVs from two consecutive days is less than six, equal to six, or more than six, the potential for infection is considered unfavorable, marginal, or favorable for infection, respectively [75].…”