A Cerebral Effect of Carotid Sinus Stimulation

Bridgers, Samuel L.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1985.04060060076012

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…Higher centers such as in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus modulate response characteristics of the medullary barostat (75, 112, 217, 280). Baroreflex pathways also ascend in the brain and might modulate consciousness, vigilance, nociception, or emotion (26, 256, 281, 311). Indeed, more than 30 years ago, it was proposed that high blood pressure reduces reactivity to noxious stimulation, via baroreceptor activation (78).…”

Section: Scientific Integrative Medical Concepts As Applied To the Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concepts of Scientific Integrative Medicine Applied to the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Catecholamine Systems

Goldstein

2013

Comprehensive Physiology

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This review presents concepts of scientific integrative medicine and relates them to the physiology of catecholamine systems and to the pathophysiology of catecholamine-related disorders. The applications to catecholamine systems exemplify how scientific integrative medicine links systems biology with integrative physiology. Concepts of scientific integrative medicine include (i) negative feedback regulation, maintaining stability of the body’s monitored variables; (ii) homeostats, which compare information about monitored variables with algorithms for responding; (iii) multiple effectors, enabling compensatory activation of alternative effectors and primitive specificity of stress response patterns; (iv) effector sharing, accounting for interactions among homeostats and phenomena such as hyperglycemia attending gastrointestinal bleeding and hyponatremia attending congestive heart failure; (v) stress, applying a definition as a state rather than as an environmental stimulus or stereotyped response; (vi) distress, using a noncircular definition that does not presume pathology; (vii) allostasis, corresponding to adaptive plasticity of feedback-regulated systems; and (viii) allostatic load, explaining chronic degenerative diseases in terms of effects of cumulative wear and tear. From computer models one can predict mathematically the effects of stress and allostatic load on the transition from wellness to symptomatic disease. The review describes acute and chronic clinical disorders involving catecholamine systems—especially Parkinson disease—and how these concepts relate to pathophysiology, early detection, and treatment and prevention strategies in the post-genome era.

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