A century of poultry genetics

Tixier‐Boichard, Michèle; Leenstra, F.R.; Flock, D. K.; Hocking, Paul; Weigend, Steffen

doi:10.1017/s0043933912000360

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…These results are also in agreement with the results previously reported by Peeters et al (2012). Tixier-Boichard et al (2012) stated that continuous intensive selection, with focus on minimal marketable age, causes rapid progress, with mass selection, for a trait with moderately high heritability, based on early measurement of LBW in both sexes. Also, Rovadoscki et al (2016) stated that genetic gain for body weight can be achieved by selection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Productive Performance in Local Chicken After Five Generations of Crossing and Selection for High Live Body Weight

naser

2017

EPSJ

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ABSTRACT:This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of selection on the productive performance of local chicken line, Giza M-2 line, after 5 generations of selection for increasing 6-week live body weight (LBW). The performance of Giza M-2 and Random Bred Control (RBC) lines; LBW, LBW at sexual maturity (BWSM), egg number (EN), egg weight (EW), and first egg weight (FEW) were evaluated at the 3 rd (G3), 4 th (G4), and 5 th (G5) generations. The Random Bred Control line (RBC) was used as a control group. The results could be summarized as follow: There was significant improvement in 6-week LBW for Giza M-2 line from one generation to the next. The difference between Giza M-2 line and RBC line was 358 g after five generations of selection for increasing 6-week LBW. Also, females of Giza M-2 line had significantly higher BMSW, EN, EW, and FEW with comparison to the RBC line for all generations. In conclusion, there was positive response in LBW and egg productive performance in Giza M-2 line associated with our breeding program. Also, selection in Giza M-2 line may had large impact on frequency of genes controlling economically important traits, such as LBW and reproduction. In Giza M-2 line, future generations, to achieve proper meat production, we will focus on genetic selection of traits relevant to modern broiler breeding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Productive Performance in Local Chicken After Five Generations of Crossing and Selection for High Live Body Weight

naser

2017

EPSJ

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“…From the 1950s the application of genetic theory led to a rapid increase in productivity and the development of specialized fowl lines for meat and egg production (Tixier-Boichard et al 2012). Concomitantly, management conditions became more intensified.…”

Section: Is012 Welfare In Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the welfare problems in broilers can be reduced by slowing growth rate and encouraging locomotion. The genetic approach involves the use of slow growing lines and the modulation of the growth curve (EFSA 2010a;Tixier-Boichard et al 2012). Management improvements include nutrition, lower stocking density, litter quality, and environmental enrichment (De Jong et al 2012).…”

Section: Meat Type Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

ASPA 22nd Congress Book of Abstracts

2017

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…Since 1950s due to long and intensive breeding and hybridization the annual egg productivity in hen crosses increased almost 2 times and amounts 320-330 in number and 60-65 g in an average weight compared to 55-60 g. The weight of shell and white of the eggs mostly increases, while the yolk weight in selected lines of egg crosses is stabilized at 16-17 g, being up to 18 g on average in hybrids (1). Hence, egg productivity almost reached the biological limits.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For long time the occurring genetic diversity was enough to keep up the variability of polygene traits and increase hen productivity. The DNA technologies based on genetic polymorphism and multiple molecular markers allowing early forecasting are currently used (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Problem of Egg Productivity in Hens and Its Early Prediction

Штеле¹

2014

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tThe generalized processes of natural maturation of oocyte with egg yolk in the ovary, production of egg white and eggshell in the oviduct, as well as ovulation and laying cycle are under the genotype control. Besides, they are affected by the environment and regulated by neurohumoral (neurohormonal) system. All these factors determine ultimately the egg productivity in poultry. Thus, it is limited by time, required for the oocyte maturation and yolk synthesis, and also by the decreasing reproductive potency of hens and egg quality because of aging and/or influence of technological factors. Whatever it was, the observed phenotypic variability due to selection pressure and the applied intensive technologies in poultry indicates the physiological limits of productivity (i.e. egg-laying rate, egg weight and quality) to become wider in hens with intensive metabolism. In the modern egg hybrid crosses a daily ovulation occurs synchronously with a mature egg formation and laying during long productive usage. The egg laying chickens can be forecasted in the postembryonic ontogenesis by the number of large follicles which are maturing in the ovary, if 85-90 % egg productivity is reached within 5-6 weeks after the laying begins. The steady cycle of egg laying with small interval (1-2 days) is also of importance. Thus, the rapid formation of 5-6 follicles in the ovary coinciding with weekly maturation of the yolk in ovogenesis determines the biological potency of reproductive function in high-yield laying hens. The use of these parameters for assessing egg chicks and their offspring gives an opportunity to predict the high-producers in the early ontogenesis. It will speed up breeding to improve modern egg crosses, create new ones, and also to optimize the intensive technologies in poultry.Keywords: egg productivity, chicken genome, oocyte, ovary, ovogenesis, egg-laying, integrity, concept, prediction.Since 1950s due to long and intensive breeding and hybridization the annual egg productivity in hen crosses increased almost 2 times and amounts 320-330 in number and 60-65 g in an average weight compared to 55-60 g. The weight of shell and white of the eggs mostly increases, while the yolk weight in selected lines of egg crosses is stabilized at 16-17 g, being up to 18 g on average in hybrids (1). Hence, egg productivity almost reached the biological limits.Complicated processes of natural maturation of oocyte with the yolk in the ovaries, the egg white and shell formation in the oviduct, ovulation and oviposition are genetically based, neurohumorally regulated and depend on the environment. Therefore, egg production is limited by the time of an oocyte maturation and the yolk formation, on one side, and a reduced productivity and egg quality upon hen aging and(or) because of used poultry technologies, on the other side.Study of genome structure and functions in the hens with high egg production are being intensified resulting in developed and improved technologies for poultry breeding and commercial use. Thus, e...

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A century of poultry genetics

Cited by 33 publications

References 72 publications

Productive Performance in Local Chicken After Five Generations of Crossing and Selection for High Live Body Weight

Productive Performance in Local Chicken After Five Generations of Crossing and Selection for High Live Body Weight

ASPA 22nd Congress Book of Abstracts

Problem of Egg Productivity in Hens and Its Early Prediction

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