A century of land subsidence in Ravenna, Italy

Teatini, Pietro; Ferronato, Massimiliano; Gambolati, Giuseppe; Bertoni, W.; Gonella, M.

doi:10.1007/s00254-004-1215-9

Cited by 154 publications

(114 citation statements)

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“…The natural subsidence of the coastal area (composed of alluvial sediments) is dramatically increased up to 2 cm/year (Ravenna area, Fig. 1) by groundwater extraction for agriculture, human consumption, especially in the summer season, and gas extraction (Teatini et al, 2005, Taramelli et al, 2015. The marine flooding hazard significantly augmented over the last century due to the massive urbanization and exploitation of the coast for tourism.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the coastal storm risk assessment framework along the Emilia-Romagna coast

Armaroli

Duo

2018

Coastal Engineering

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A B S T R A C TThe Italian coasts are threatened by coastal flooding and erosion. The Emilia-Romagna region coastline is exposed to marine storms because of its low-lying nature and massive urbanization. Regional managers need comprehensive tools for coastal storm risk assessment. The RISC-KIT Coastal Risk Assessment Framework (CRAF) provides a conceptual framework, which includes hazard, exposure and vulnerability evaluation, to implement a screening process able to identify littoral zones that can be classified as hotspots (Phase 1) and to successively rank the identified hotspots to select the most critical ones (Phase 2). This study includes the results of the implementation of CRAF Phase 1 in the Emilia-Romagna coast. The method is based on a Coastal Index approach, calculated for 1 km length coastal sectors, applied taking into account both hazard and exposure indicators. The general methodology was partly modified thanks to the strong collaboration with the End-User (Servizio Geologico Sismico e dei Suoli, SGSS) which provided data, suggestions and comments at every step of the implementation. The SGSS also provided data to validate the outcomes of the CRAF methodology. Thus, the critical areas identified by the CRAF were compared with historical (1946-2010) storm impacts, resulting in a reasonable agreement between the identified hotspots.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the coastal storm risk assessment framework along the Emilia-Romagna coast

Armaroli

Duo

2018

Coastal Engineering

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“…Gambolati et al, 1991). In 2005, Teatini et al (2005) pro-vided a detailed georeferenced map of land-subsidence in the eastern Po River plain over the period 1897-2002, based on the main levelling surveys databases available in the Ravenna area for the last century (IGM, Ravenna Reclamation Authority, Geological Service of the Ravenna Municipality, ARPA and ENI-E&P).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although land-subsidence rate before the 1950s could be assumed to be almost constant (Teatini et al, 2005), we chose this map as the starting point to perform our study, therefore investigating the possible role of land-subsidence on flood-hazard evolution in the period 1897-2002. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the cumulative landsubsidence contour lines between 1897 and 2002 described in Teatini et al (2005) were used for back-warping the current 5 m DEM obtaining a historical DEM describing ground elevations in 1897. This procedure is based on the assumption that between 2002 and today no significant change in ground elevations occurred.…”

Section: Topography Of the Study Area: Current And Reconstructed Condmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of anthropogenic land-subsidence on inundation dynamics: the case study of Ravenna, Italy

2016

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Abstract. Can differential land-subsidence significantly alter river flooding dynamics, and thus flood risk in flood prone areas? Many studies show how the lowering of the coastal areas is closely related to an increase in the flood-hazard due to more important tidal flooding and see level rise. The literature on the relationship between differential land-subsidence and possible alterations to riverine flood-hazard of inland areas is still sparse, although several geographical areas characterized by significant land-subsidence rates during the last 50 years experienced intensification in both inundation magnitude and frequency. We investigate the possible impact of a significant differential ground lowering on flood hazard over a 77 km 2 area around the city of Ravenna, in Italy. The rate of land-subsidence in the study area, naturally in the order of a few mm year −1 , dramatically increased up to 110 mm year −1 after World War II, primarily due to groundwater pumping and gas production platforms. The result was a cumulative drop that locally exceeds 1.5 m. Using a recent digital elevation model (res. 5 m) and literature data on land-subsidence, we constructed a ground elevation model over the study area in 1897 and we characterized either the current and the historical DEM with or without road embankments and land-reclamation channels in their current configuration. We then considered these four different topographic models and a twodimensional hydrodynamic model to simulate and compare the inundation dynamics associated with a levee failure scenario along embankment system of the river Montone, which flows eastward in the southern portion of the study area. For each topographic model, we quantified the flood hazard in terms of maximum water depth (h) and we compared the actual effects on flood-hazard dynamics of differential land-subsidence relative to those associated with other man-made topographic alterations, which resulted to be much more significant.

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“…2006), Mexico (Ortiz-Zamora and Ortega-Guerrero 2010), USA (Holzer and Galloway 2005), Ravenna and Italy (Teatini et al 2005); so is it in China (Li et al 2006;Yang and Yu 2006;Shi et al 2007;Wu et al 2010;Liu et al 2010). Land subsidence generally results in substantial damage, including loss of ground surface altitude, cracking of buildings, failure of underground pipelines, increase of flood hazards etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Overexploitation Causing Land Subsidence: Hazard Risk Assessment Using Field Observation and Spatial Modelling

Bi-juan

Shu

Yue

2012

Water Resour Manage

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Hazard risk assessment of land subsidence is a complicated issue aiming at identifying areas with potentially high environmental hazard due to land subsidence. The methods of hazard risk assessment of land subsidence were reviewed and a new systematic approach was proposed in this study. Quantitative identification of land subsidence is important to the hazard risk assessment. Field observations using extensometers were used to determine assessment indexes and estimate weights of each index. Spatial modelling was also established in ArcGIS to better visualize the assessment data. These approaches then were applied to the Chengnan region, China as a case study. Three factors, thickness of the second confined aquifer, thickness of the soft clay and the annual recovery rate of groundwater level were incorporated into the hazard risk assessment index system. The weights of each index are 0.33, 0.17 and 0.5 respectively. The zonation map shows that the high, medium and low risk ranked areas for land subsidence account for 9.5 %, 44.7 % and 45.8 % of the total area respectively. The annual recovery rate of groundwater level is the major factor raising land subsidence hazard risk in approximately half of the study area.

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A century of land subsidence in Ravenna, Italy

Cited by 154 publications

References 10 publications

Validation of the coastal storm risk assessment framework along the Emilia-Romagna coast

Validation of the coastal storm risk assessment framework along the Emilia-Romagna coast

Effects of anthropogenic land-subsidence on inundation dynamics: the case study of Ravenna, Italy

Groundwater Overexploitation Causing Land Subsidence: Hazard Risk Assessment Using Field Observation and Spatial Modelling

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