A century of controversy surrounding posttraumatic stress‐spectrum syndromes: The impact on DSM‐III and DSM‐IV

Kinzie, J. David; Goetz, Rupert R.

doi:10.1002/jts.2490090202

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…C'est sans doute pour éviter toute assimilation avec les concepts « antiques » -mais néanmoins maintenus en mémoire par le travail des historiens de la question (Kinzie, 1996) -de névrose traumatique ou d'hystérie que les phénomènes de somatisation ont été presque complètement oubliés dans ladite classification. De la même manière, le concept de dissociation, passablement ignoré pendant à peu près un siècle alors qu'il était apparu comme central aux pères fondateurs des théories relatives au traumatisme psychique, refait progressivement surface dans la littérature post-traumatique générale.…”

Section: éLéments De La « Sphère » Post-traumatiqueunclassified

R�ponses post-traumatiques et dissociation en oncologie

Ronson

2005

Rev Francoph Psycho Oncologie

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Depuis quelques années, l'étude de la prévalence du syndrome de stress post-traumatique chez des patients atteints de cancer rencontre un intérêt croissant. Ce trouble psychiatrique, responsable d'une souffrance émotionnelle significative et de perturbations du fonctionnement psychosocial, semble pourtant encore largement ignoré dans la pratique clinique. Or, il existe de nombreux arguments qui suggèrent un rôle central de processus post-traumatiques dans l'adaptation faisant suite au diagnostic, aux traitements et à l'évolution du cancer. Une telle révision des concepts fondamentaux pourrait avoir des conséquences majeures non seulement sur notre compréhension de l'adaptation psychologique au cancer, mais aussi sur les modalités d'interventions thérapeutiques les plus appropriées dans ce contexte très spécifique et, dès lors, sur la qualité de vie des malades et de leur entourage. Dans cet article, nous nous attelerons principalement à démontrer la présence de manifestations « subsyndromales » de stress post-traumatique chez des patients cancéreux et nous accorderons une place importante aux symptômes dissociatifs éventuellement pré-sents dans cette population de malades. Des hypothèses seront formulées quant aux liens potentiels qui unissent diagnostic de cancer, dissociation et tableaux cliniques posttraumatiques. En particulier, l'idée classique selon laquelle la dissociation aiguë constituerait un mécanisme adaptatif est remise en question et une conceptualisation alternative propose de comprendre ce tableau comme le résultat d'une altération brutale des réseaux de mémoire autobiographique. Enfin, la littérature relative au traitement psychologique du syndrome de stress post-traumatique se trouve, elle aussi, confrontée à d'importantes difficultés dans la démonstration de l'efficacité des modèles actuels. Cette observation ne peut manquer de soulever de multiples questions quant à l'adé-quation des concepts fondateurs à l'origine de ces modèles. Nous évoquerons à cet égard les éléments qui plaident pour une prééminence des processus émotionnels dans la genèse des réponses psychologiques observées. Abstract:The study of the frequency of post-traumatic stress syndromes in patients with cancer has received growing interest in the last years. However, this psychiatric disorder which induces significant emotional suffering and psychosocial functioning disturbances remains widely overlooked in clinical practice. Nevertheless, many arguments actually support the critical role of a post-traumatic phenomenology in the psychological adjustment process which takes place in response to the diagnosis, treatment and evolution of cancer. Integrating this new conceptual framework might have significant consequences not only for our understanding of adjustment to cancer but also for the development and selection of the most appropriate therapeutic intervention strategies and, therefore, on the quality of life for patients and their close relations.In the following discussion, we primarily attempt to demonstrate the existence...

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Section: éLéments De La « Sphère » Post-traumatiqueunclassified

R�ponses post-traumatiques et dissociation en oncologie

Ronson

2005

Rev Francoph Psycho Oncologie

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“…Involuntary behaviour ± The dierential diagnosis of involuntary CS include depression, Panic Attack, 40 PTSD, 41,42 Dissociative Disorder, 4 and Borderline Personality. 35…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion motor paralysis disorder: overview and rehabilitation model

et al. 2002

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It is important to consider a differential diagnosis between paralysis on an organic basis and paralysis and disability due to psychological mechanisms in people with physical impairment secondary to trauma, without evidence of organic etiology. We review the most dramatic type of conversion disorder (CD)-'Conversion Motor Paralysis'. Recent important medical literature concerning the accepted treatment and rehabilitation management will be reviewed and discussed. The inter-disciplinary in-patient team management approach in a rehabilitation setting offers the benefits of a comprehensive assessment and treatment. The diagnosis is temporary and conditional, since there may be a long delay until the appearance of organic findings. A complete medical assessment is essential in order to rule out any possibility of an organic etiology. In as many as 25% to 50% of patients diagnosed as conversion, an organic medical diagnosis was found.

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“…The Sumerians in 2000 BC lamented the destruction of Nippur, leaving the population in total anguish and suffering. There was not a good clinical description of psychological effects of trauma until the railroad spine syndrome, which was described by Erikson in 1887 (Kinzie and Goetz, 1996). The symptoms from railroad train accidents included anxiety, memory and concentration problems, irritability, disturbed sleep, sudden alarmed distressing dreams, and multiple somatic complaints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Kinzie¹

2015

International Encyclopedia of the Social &Amp; Behavioral Sciences

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Since the description of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the second edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II) in 1980, PTSD has become a well-established and well-researched clinical condition. DSM-5 further refined the criteria but it is not consistent with the proposed 11th version of International Classification of Diseases criteria for PTSD. PTSD is fairly common and its prevalence increases with increase in traumatic events and is associated with alcohol abuse, depression, hypertension, and diabetes. The general theory of symptoms of PTSD is that the uncontrollable state of fear persists even after the threat is gone. Recent biological research indicates that biological factors such as genetics increased activity in the amygdale, reduced cortisol, and hyperactivity of adrenergic response occur in chronic PTSD. Psychological treatment has usually been trauma-focused behavioral therapy, but it is not clear if it is necessary to focus specifically on the trauma rather than supportive therapy of current life stressors. Medicine can reduce major symptoms such as nightmares, irritability, sleep disturbances, and needs to be used with psychotherapy. Future research will provide better understanding and treatments of this often chronic disabling disorder.

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A century of controversy surrounding posttraumatic stress‐spectrum syndromes: The impact on DSM‐III and DSM‐IV

Cited by 42 publications

References 68 publications

R�ponses post-traumatiques et dissociation en oncologie

R�ponses post-traumatiques et dissociation en oncologie

Conversion motor paralysis disorder: overview and rehabilitation model

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

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