A cellular automaton model for the ventricular myocardium considering the layer structure

Min-Yi, Deng; Dai, Jing-Yu; Zhang, Xueliang

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/24/9/090503

Chinese Phys. B

2015

DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/24/9/090503

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A cellular automaton model for the ventricular myocardium considering the layer structure

Deng Min-Yi¹,

Jing-Yu Dai²,

Xueliang Zhang³

Abstract: A cellular automaton model for the ventricular myocardium considering the layer structure has been established. The three types of cells in this model differ principally in the repolarization characteristics. For the normal travelling waves in this model, the computer simulation results show the R, S, and T waves and they are qualitatively in agreement with the standard electrocardiograph. Phenomena such as the potential decline of point J and segment ST and the rise of the potential line after the T wave appe… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

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A cellular automaton model for electrocardiogram considering the structure of heart

Zhang¹,

Tan²,

Guo-Ning³

et al. 2017

Acta Phys. Sin.

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The electrocardiogram (ECG) has broad applications in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. The accurate description for the question how the ECG come from the cardiac electrical activity is helpful for understanding the corresponding relation between the ECG waveform and cardiovascular disease. Experience is the primary method of studying the ECG, but the computer simulation method makes it more convenient to explore the effect of given factor for ECG waveform. Cellular automaton is a simple and effective computer simulation method. However, the cellular automaton model considering the main structure of the heart is not yet established. Therefore, we propose a cellular automaton model for the ECG considering the atria, the ventricle, and the ventricular septum. With this model, the conduction of the myocardial electrical activation is simulated by following the field potentials under healthy and diseased conditions, and the underlying mechanisms are analyzed. Through the computer simulations and analyses the results are obtained as follows. First, the conduction process of the electrical signal in this model is the same as that in the real heart. Second, under the healthy conditions, the behavior of the field potential appears as normal ECG, in which the P wave and the QRS wave group come from the depolarization of the atria and ventricle, respectively, on the other hand, the T wave and J wave come from the repolarization of the ventricle. The computer results support the conclusion that the J wave appears just because the existence of the notch in the epicardial transmembrane potential curve. Third, the endocardium ischemia conditions result in the T wave inversion. The mechanism is that the action potential duration of the ischemic endocardial cells is shorter than that under normal conditions, which makes larger the transmembrane potential gradient between the endocardium and the subepicardium, and then contributes a more negative value to the field potential. Fourth, the epicardium ischemia leads to the higher T wave, and this is because the shorter action potential duration of the ischemic epicardial cells brings in a larger transmembrane potential gradient between the epicardium and subepicardium, which makes the field voltage larger. Fifth, the T wave appears earlier under the through-wall ischemia. The action potential durations of cells of the endocardium, the epicardium, and the subepicardium all become shorter under the through-wall ischemia, then the repolarization processes of all of these three walls are ended earlier, which leads to the earlier T wave. The cellular automaton model proposed in this paper provides a reference for the further study of ECG.

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A cellular automaton model for electrocardiogram considering the structure of heart

Zhang¹,

Tan²,

Guo-Ning³

et al. 2017

Acta Phys. Sin.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Effects of dynamic change of action potential on evolution behavior of spiral wave

Fu-Rong¹,

Cheng-Qian²,

Min-Yi³

2022

Acta Phys. Sin.

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It is observed in cardiac patients that the steepness of action potential duration (APD) restitution curve of cardiomyocytes in different regions of the ventricle was significantly different. However, the steep APD restitution curve can either lead to the breakup of spiral wave and ventricular fibrillation in certain conditions or may not result in the breakup of spiral wave in other conditions. The relationship between the dynamic behavior of spiral wave and steep APD restitution curve is still not completely clear. Therefore, further research is needed. In this paper, a two-dimensional excitable medium cellular automata model is used to study the influence of the APD restitution curve with different steepness on the dynamic behavior of spiral wave. Numerical simulation results show that the steep APD restitution curve can stabilize the meandering spiral wave, causing the stable spiral wave to roam or break, and even to disappear. When the total average slope of APD restitution curve is greater than 1, it is observed that spiral wave may be still stable or meandering. When the total average slope of APD restitution curve is much smaller than 1, the breakup of spiral waves may occur. Three types of spiral wave breakup are observed. They are the Doppler instability, Eckhaus instability and APD alternation. The Doppler instability and Eckhaus instability are related to the total average slope of APD restitution curve greater than 1, and the spiral wave breakup caused by APD alternans may occur when the total average slope of APD restitution curve is much smaller than 1. When the total average slope of APD restitution curve is greater than 1, the phenomena that spiral wave disappears by meandering out of the system boundary and conduction barriers are observed. In addition, we also found that increasing cellular APD is beneficial to prevent spiral wave breaking up. The physical mechanisms underlying those phenomena are heuristically analyzed.

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A cellular automaton model for the ventricular myocardium considering the layer structure

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

A cellular automaton model for electrocardiogram considering the structure of heart

A cellular automaton model for electrocardiogram considering the structure of heart

Effects of dynamic change of action potential on evolution behavior of spiral wave

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