A Cell Culture Model for the Assessment of the Chemopreventive Potential of Dietary Compounds.

Abstract

The study of the mechanisms involved in cell damage mediated by oxidative compounds as well as the evaluation of biomarkers of the cellular antioxidant defence system in such conditions could greatly help to prevent appearance and development of oxidative stress related diseases. The present overview describes a model of oxidative

Chemical characterization and chemo-protective activity of cranberry phenolic powders in a model cell culture. Response of the antioxidant defenses and regulation of signaling pathways

“…Since the liver is the main target for dietary antioxidants once absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and the major place for xenobiotic metabolism, studies dealing with the effect of antioxidant dietary compounds at a physiological level in the liver of live animals and at a cellular level in cultured cells from liver origin should be encouraged (Goya et al, 2009). We have previously shown that a cocoa polyphenolic extract containing mainly flavanols (Martín et al, 2010a) as well as Corema album (a berry consumed along the Atlantic littoral of the Iberian Peninsula) (León-González et al, 2012) and green coffee (Baeza et al, 2014) extracts containing mostly hydroxycinnamic acids protect liverderived cells from an oxidative stress by diminishing cell damage and returning the antioxidant defense system to a steady-state activity, which enables the cell to cope with further oxidative insults.…”

“…Our previous results demonstrated that treatment of HepG2 cells with t-BOOH was an excellent model of oxidative stress in cell culture (Alía et al, 2006;Goya et al, 2009). As other organic peroxides, t-BOOH can decompose to other alkoxyl and peroxyl radicals in a reaction aided by metal ions that can generate ROS, including H 2 O 2 (Alía et al, 2006).…”

“…As the main non-enzymatic antioxidant defense within the cell, GSH depletion reflects intracellular oxidation (Goya et al, 2009). The critical decrease in the concentration of GSH induced by t-BOOH was partly (CJ) or completely (CE) prevented by pre-treatment for 20 h with the cranberry powders.…”

“…Thus, the enhancement of these glutathione-related enzymes plays a major role in helping the cells to overcome ROS production in the presence of t-BOOH (Alía et al, 2006). A rapid return of the antioxidant enzyme activities to basal values once the challenge has been surmounted will position the cell in a favorable condition to deal with a new insult (Goya et al, 2009). Accordingly, we have previously reported that realistic concentrations of a cocoa (Martín et al, 2010a), C. album (León-González et al, 2012) and green coffee (Baeza et al, 2014) extracts averted cell damage by preventing the permanently increased activity of GPx and GR induced by t-BOOH.…”

“…Therefore, studies dealing with the effect of antioxidants at a physiological level in liver of live animals and at a cellular level in cultured hepatic cells are necessary. Human liver HepG2 is widely used for biochemical and nutritional studies as a cell culture model in human hepatocytes since they retain their morphology and most of their function in culture (Brandon et al, 2006;Goya, Martín, Ramos, Mateos, & Bravo, 2009). Previous cell culture studies have demonstrated that several flavonoids (Kanazawa, Uehara, Yanahitani, & Hashimoto, 2006) and hydroxycinnamic acids are absorbed and metabolized by HepG2 cells.…”