A CDK-related kinase regulates the length and assembly of flagella in <i>Chlamydomonas </i>

Tam, Lai Wa; Wilson, Nedra F.; Lefebvre, Paul

doi:10.1083/jcb.200610022

Cited by 117 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Ciliogenesis, cilium length and morphology and the organization of signaling pathways in cilia are regulated (Mukhopadhyay et al, 2008;Quarmby, 2004;Sorokin, 1962;Wang et al, 2006). Although genetic analyses have identified several kinases that modulate cilia length (Bengs et al, 2005;Berman et al, 2003;Burghoorn et al, 2007;Tam et al, 2007), little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved; however, intraflagellar transport (IFT) is a probable process (Blaineau et al, 2007;Dentler, 2005;Engel et al, 2009;Evans et al, 2006;Marshall et al, 2005;Pan and Snell, 2005). IFT is responsible for bi-directional transport of structural and signaling components of the cilia along a microtubular axoneme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dauer pheromone and G-protein signaling modulate the coordination of intraflagellar transport kinesin motor proteins inC. elegans

Burghoorn

Dekkers

Rademakers

et al. 2010

Journal of Cell Science

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SummaryCilia length and function are dynamically regulated by modulation of intraflagellar transport (IFT). The cilia of C. elegans amphid channel neurons provide an excellent model to study this process, since they use two different kinesins for anterograde transport: kinesin-II and OSM-3 kinesin together in the cilia middle segments, but only OSM-3 in the distal segments. To address whether sensory signaling modulates the coordination of the kinesins, we studied IFT protein motility in gpa-3 mutant animals, since dominant active mutation of this sensory G protein GPA-3QL) affects cilia length. In addition, we examined animals exposed to dauer pheromone, since dauer formation, which involves gpa-3, induces changes in cilia morphology. Live imaging of fluorescently tagged IFT proteins showed that in gpa-3 mutants and in larvae exposed to dauer pheromone, kinesin-II speed is decreased and OSM-3 speed is increased, whereas structural IFT proteins move at an intermediate speed. These results indicate that mutation of gpa-3 and exposure to dauer pheromone partially uncouple the two kinesins. We propose a model in which GPA-3-regulated docking of kinesin-II and/or OSM-3 determines entry of IFT particles into the cilia subdomains, allowing structural and functional plasticity of cilia in response to environmental cues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dauer pheromone and G-protein signaling modulate the coordination of intraflagellar transport kinesin motor proteins inC. elegans

Burghoorn

Dekkers

Rademakers

et al. 2010

Journal of Cell Science

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“…However, little is known about how this diversity is achieved. Different types of signaling molecules, including second messengers (Mukhopadhyay et al, 2008;Ou et al, 2009;Besschetnova et al, 2010;Abdul-Majeed et al, 2012), kinases (Berman et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2006;Burghoorn et al, 2007;Tam et al, 2007;Miyoshi et al, 2009;Omori et al, 2010), phosphatases (Kim et al, 2010;Clément et al, 2011;Abdul-Majeed et al, 2012) and G proteins (Burghoorn et al, 2010) have been shown to regulate cilia length and cilia morphology. Since these signaling pathways also regulate transport, both in and toward the cilium, it is likely that these transport processes play a role in regulating cilium length and morphology (Silverman and Leroux, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SQL-1, homologue of the Golgi protein GMAP210, modulates Intraflagellar Transport in C. elegans

Broekhuis

Rademakers

Burghoorn

et al. 2013

Journal of Cell Science

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SummaryPrimary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that have important sensory functions. For their function, cilia rely on the delivery of specific proteins, both by intracellular trafficking and intraflagellar transport (IFT). In the cilia of Caenorhabditis elegans, anterograde IFT is mediated by kinesin-II and OSM-3. Previously, we have shown that expression of a dominant active G protein a subunit (GPA-3QL) in amphid channel neurons affects the coordination of kinesin-II and OSM-3 and also affects cilia length, suggesting that environmental signals can modulate these processes. Here, we show that loss-of-function of sql-1 (suppressor of gpa-3QL 1), which encodes the homologue of the mammalian Golgi protein GMAP210, suppresses the gpa-3QL cilia length phenotype. SQL-1 localizes to the Golgi apparatus, where it contributes to maintaining Golgi organization. Loss of sql-1 by itself does not affect cilia length, whereas overexpression of sql-1 results in longer cilia. Using live imaging of fluorescently tagged IFT proteins, we show that in sql-1 mutants OSM-3 moves faster, kinesin-II moves slower and that some complex A and B proteins move at an intermediate velocity, while others move at the same velocity as OSM-3. This indicates that mutation of sql-1 destabilizes the IFT complex. Finally, we show that simultaneous inactivation of sql-1 and activation of gpa-3QL affects the velocity of OSM-3. In summary, we show that in C. elegans the Golgin protein SQL-1 plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the IFT complex.

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“…In Chlamydomonas, several long flagella mutants have been isolated (McVittie, 1972;Jarvik and Rosenbaum, 1980;Barsel et al, 1988;Asleson and Lefebvre, 1998). Intriguingly, two of them encode kinases, suggesting the involvement of a signaling cascade in regulating cilia length (Berman et al, 2003;Tam et al, 2007). Currently, the underlying mechanism for cilia length control remains elusive.…”

Section: Cilia Biogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cilia in cell signaling and human disorders

Duldulao

Sun

2010

Protein Cell

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One of the most widespread cellular organelles in nature is cilium, which is found in many unicellular and multicellular organisms. Formerly thought to be a mostly vestigial organelle, the cilium has been discovered in the past several decades to play critical motile and sensory roles involved in normal organogenesis during development. The role of cilia has also been implicated in an ever increasing array of seemingly unrelated human diseases, including blindness, kidney cysts, neural tube defects and obesity. In this article we review some of the recent developments in research on cilia, and how defects in ciliogenesis and function can give rise to developmental disorders and disease.

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A CDK-related kinase regulates the length and assembly of flagella in Chlamydomonas

Cited by 117 publications

References 61 publications

Dauer pheromone and G-protein signaling modulate the coordination of intraflagellar transport kinesin motor proteins inC. elegans

Dauer pheromone and G-protein signaling modulate the coordination of intraflagellar transport kinesin motor proteins inC. elegans

SQL-1, homologue of the Golgi protein GMAP210, modulates Intraflagellar Transport in C. elegans

Cilia in cell signaling and human disorders

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