A CCII-based relaxation oscillator as a versatile interface for resistive and capacitive sensors

Malik, Shahid; Kishore, Kaushal; Artee,; Akbar, Sheikh A.; Islam, Tarikul

doi:10.1109/spin.2016.7566719

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In this work, we compared these solutions from the viewpoint of the direct relation to capacitance sensing and transduction. The analysis (see Table 1) led to the following conclusions: (a) the number of the used active elements in many proposed circuits is high [20,21,22,23]; (b) the active device concept employs many sub-parts (3 or 5 current conveyors) [20]; (c) lossless integrator increases the complexity of the proposed concept [20,21,22]; (d) declared measured ranges of “frequency vs. capacitance” dependence are not decisive for the quality evaluation—they always depend on the tested capacitance range (not identical); (e) the output information in the form of DC voltage is unavailable; and (f) the designs have similar inaccuracies (e.g., percentage error, where indicated) in similar ranges [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topology of the whole circuitry is simpler than previously proposed concepts; see Refs. [18,20,21,22,23,31,32]. Note that all concepts presented in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that all concepts presented in Refs. [20,21,22,23,24,30,31,32] need an additional f 0→ V sens converter. Thereby, solutions presented in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereby, solutions presented in Refs. [20,21,22,23,31,32] become more complex than concepts presented in Refs. [24,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier-Based Relaxation Generator for Capacity to Voltage Sensor Interface

Polák

Šotner

Petržela

et al. 2018

Sensors

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This paper presents a simple relaxation generator, suitable for a sensor interface, operating as a transducer of capacitance to frequency/period. The proposed circuit employs a current feedback operational amplifier, fabricated in I3T25 0.35 μm ON Semiconductor CMOS process, and four passive elements including a grounded capacitor (the sensed parameter). It offers a low-impedance voltage output of the generated square wave. Additional frequency to DC voltage converter offers output information in the form of voltage. The experimental capacitance variation from 6.8 nF to 100 nF yields voltage change in the range from 21 mV to 106 mV with error below 5% and sensitivity 0.912 mV/nF evaluated over the full range of change. These values are in good agreement with simulation results obtained from the Mathcad model of frequency to DC voltage transducer passive circuit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topology of the whole circuitry is simpler than previously proposed concepts; see Refs. [18,20,21,22,23,31,32]. Note that all concepts presented in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier-Based Relaxation Generator for Capacity to Voltage Sensor Interface

Polák

Šotner

Petržela

et al. 2018

Sensors

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“…Various structures of CMIA have yet been reported, among which CMIAs based on FDCCIIs take the lead; because these structures are free from well-matched active blocks, as well as matched resistors to gain a high CMRR. The second generation current conveyors (CCIIs) are active blocks that have been used in many analog circuits such as oscillators [19][20][21][22][23], active filters [24][25][26] and amplifiers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] to grant current mode benefits. The fully differential type of CCIIs [19][20][21][22] benefits from differential input and output terminals that are strongly acknowledged today.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Fully Differential Second Generation Current Conveyor and Its Application as a Very High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier

Ahmadi

Azhari

2018

ESJ

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This paper aims to introduce a novel Fully Differential second generation Current Conveyor (FDCCII) and its application to design a novel Low Power (LP), very high CMRR, and wide bandwidth (BW) Current Mode Instrumentation Amplifier (CMIA). In the proposed application, CMRR, as the most important feature, has been greatly improved by using both common mode feed forward (CMFF) and common mode feedback (CMFB) techniques, which are verified by a perfect circuit analysis. As another unique quality, it neither needs well-matched active blocks nor matched resistors but inherently improves CMRR, BW, and power consumption hence gains an excellent matchless choice for integration. The FDCCII has been designed using 0. 1-IntroductionIn the last decades, researchers and designers of analog processors have been faced with serious challenges in the design of low-voltage (LV), low-power (LP) circuits and systems. That is due the increasing demand for mobile and battery powered equipment and also technology down scaling trend [1]. Current mode (CM) signal processing/design as a promising solution to these challenges has thus gained more popularity [1][2][3][4][5]. As the main reason of the superiority of CM processors over the Voltage Mode (VM) ones can name: the wider dynamic range, simpler circuitry, wider BW, higher speed/frequency, lower supply voltage and consumed power [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Besides, while the Voltage Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (VMIA) seriously suffer from problems of dependency of BW on gain and CMRR value, and need tightly matched resistor (to improve the CMRR), most favorably, the Current Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (CMIA) are free from such requirements [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Various structures of CMIA have yet been reported, among which CMIAs based on FDCCIIs take the lead; because these structures are free from well-matched active blocks, as well as matched resistors to gain a high CMRR. The second generation current conveyors (CCIIs) are active blocks that have been used in many analog circuits such as oscillators [19][20][21][22][23], active filters [24][25][26] and amplifiers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] to grant current mode benefits. The fully differential type of CCIIs [19][20][21][22] benefits from differential input and output terminals that are strongly acknowledged today. In this paper we seek to design a novel FDCCII structure to realize a high CMRR IA. 2-Proposed FDCCIIFunctional block diagram and operational matrix of an ideal FDCCII are shown in Figure 1 and Equation 1, respectively.

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A current mode instrumentation amplifier with high common-mode rejection ratio designed using a novel fully differential second-generation current conveyor

et al. 2022

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This study presents a high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), and high power-supply rejection ratio (PSRR) current-mode instrumentation amplifier (CMIA) to overcome the limitations of existing differential voltage second-generation current conveyors (DVCCII)-based CMIAs in achieving high CMRR. The design is based on a fully differential second-generation current conveyor block with a novel circuit design following by a current subtracting stage. The CMIA is designed and laid out in 130 nm CMOS technology operating under ± 1.2 V supply voltage in Cadence software. The post-layout simulation results show that the CMIA achieves low-frequency voltage and current CMRR- BW of 228.8 dB–10 kHz and 246 dB–10.6 kHz, respectively, with PSRR + /PSRR- of 108.2 dB/99.7 dB, power consumption of 507 µW, and a core area of 0.0015 mm2. The unique quality of the circuit is that, it does not need well-matched active blocks, but inherently improves CMRR, bandwidth, and PSRR; hence it gains an excellent choice for integration.

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A CCII-based relaxation oscillator as a versatile interface for resistive and capacitive sensors

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier-Based Relaxation Generator for Capacity to Voltage Sensor Interface

CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier-Based Relaxation Generator for Capacity to Voltage Sensor Interface

A Novel Fully Differential Second Generation Current Conveyor and Its Application as a Very High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier

A current mode instrumentation amplifier with high common-mode rejection ratio designed using a novel fully differential second-generation current conveyor

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