A Case Study on Miscible and Immiscible Gas-Injection Pilots in a Middle East Carbonate Reservoir in an Offshore Environment

Kumar, Jitendra; Agrawal, Pawan; Draoui, Elyés

doi:10.2118/181758-pa

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The injected gas was the 1 st stage separator gas of which minimum miscibility pressure is higher than the field initial pressure (Kumar et al, 2015a). The pilot results are summarized as (a) gas movement in the pilot area was dominated by pressure gradient of the peripheral water injection, (b) significant gas override was observed, (c) high recovery occurred when injected gas achieved miscibility and (d) asphaltene precipitation was observed in one of the pilots (Kumar et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Peripheral Water Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Giant Carbonate Oil Field, Part 2: Migration from Pressure Maintenance Development to Sweep Oriented IOR Development

Nakashima¹,

Kumar²,

Draoui³

2015

Day 3 Wed, November 11, 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The studied field is a relatively homogeneous giant carbonate field composed of three stacked isolated reservoirs, having produced for nearly 50 years through a series of pressure maintenance methods. Chronologically, the implemented methods include gravity-driven dumpflood water injection, peripheral water injection and immiscible crestal gas injection. As the historical and on-going pressure maintenance oriented development is reaching its limitation in sustaining the oil production, it is necessary to move towards a sweep oriented development to further extend the plateau and increase final recovery.A robust full field improved oil recovery (IOR) development plan is proposed with a smooth transition from pressure maintenance to sweep oriented development. The key questions to be answered in the IOR development are (a) when to migrate to sweep oriented development, (b) how to configure the pattern, (c) how to manage voidage replacement and decide the split between water and gas injection, and (d) how to resolve associated common issues with pattern water injection and crestal gas injection. The workflow includes dividing the field into three zones based on reservoir quality and current maturity to water flood. Dedicated sweep oriented strategy is defined for different zones respectively and its efficiency is evaluated through reservoir simulations by incorporating practical drilling campaign, well completion type, surface facility constraints and interference with historical development.According to simulation results of the IOR plan, it can be concluded that the developed strategy (a) efficiently sweeps the oil without bypassed regions, effectively recovering down to residual oil saturation, (b) is quite robust with respect to the change of well count, (c) extends the plateau with efficient pressure support in the field and (d) is a reasonable approach towards yet undefined tertiary enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application.This paper discusses the approach used to develop this IOR plan for the near and far future development of this giant carbonate field, focusing in particular on the solution of the above mentioned key questions.

show abstract

Section: Peripheral Water Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Giant Carbonate Oil Field, Part 2: Migration from Pressure Maintenance Development to Sweep Oriented IOR Development

Nakashima¹,

Kumar²,

Draoui³

2015

Day 3 Wed, November 11, 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gas flooding in reservoirs is a well-known secondary recovery mechanism and also a gas storage method in the world (Bybee 2001;Azin et al 2008;Mohammadi et al 2011;Yuncong et al 2014;Agrawal et al 2016;Kumar et al 2017). Comprehensive analysis of miscible/immiscible gas injection has been undertaken by many researchers using laboratory tests and numerical modeling (Kulkarni and Rao 2005;Alkhazmi et al 2017;Rezaei et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of immiscible gas flooding performance: a modified capacitance–resistance model and sensitivity analysis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reservoir performance prediction is one of the main steps during a field development plan. Due to the complexity and time-consuming aspects of numerical simulators, it is helpful to develop analytical tools for a rapid primary analysis. The capacitance-resistance model (CRM) is a simple technique for reservoir management and optimization. This method is an advanced time-dependent material balance equation which is combined with a productivity equation. CRM uses production/ injection data and bottom-hole pressure as inputs to build a reliable model, which is then combined with the oil-cut model and converted to a predictive tool. CRM has been studied thoroughly for water flooding projects. In this study, a modified model for gas flooding systems based on gas density and average reservoir pressure is developed. A detailed procedure is described in a synthetic reservoir model using a genetic algorithm. Then, a streamline simulation is implemented for validation of the results. The results show that the proposed model is able to calculate interwell connectivity parameters and oil production rates. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate effects of drawdown pressure and gas PVT properties on the new model. Finally, acceptable ranges of input data and limitations of the model are comprehensively discussed.

show abstract

“…The objective of gas injection is to enhance oil and gas recovery in hydrocarbon reservoirs and also to store gas in storage reservoirs. There are numerous gas flooding projects in miscible or immiscible conditions in the world . Experimental and numerical modelling has been used to study production mechanisms in gas injection processes such as pressure maintenance, oil swelling, and gravity drainage .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On determination of interwell connectivity under immiscible gas injection process: Modified capacitance‐resistance model

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interwell connectivity is an important parameter in reservoir management and optimization during water/gas injection. As an analytical approach, the capacitance-resistance model (CRM) is a rapid tool that only needs some common and available data for field performance prediction. The nonlinear signal processing technique is used with the CRM to determine reservoir continuity between production and injection wells. Current CRMs are applicable in water flooding systems. In this study, a modified capacitance-resistance model (M-CRM) for interwell connectivity calculation in immiscible gas flooding projects is developed based on the mass balance equation. Slightly compressible flow is one of the main assumptions in CRM development while gas is compressible and the gas property variation with pressure should be scrutinized in the equations. Therefore, new equations need gas PVT properties to consider the effect of gas compressibility. Moreover, the productivity equation for oil and gas production should be revised. The constructed model that considers mass balance and the productivity equation is applied in two synthetic models and one real sector reservoir model. The genetic algorithm, as an optimization tool for solving the new model, is used and streamline simulation is selected as a validation tool for interwell connectivity parameter calculation. Based on the streamline results, it was observed that a M-CRM is able to predict the reservoir behaviour better than a common CRM for pre/post breakthrough conditions in gas injection scenarios. Also, an analysis is performed for different parameters that affect the new model in immiscible gas flooding. Results show that modification on the mass balance equation has a greater influence than the productivity equation.

show abstract

A Case Study on Miscible and Immiscible Gas-Injection Pilots in a Middle East Carbonate Reservoir in an Offshore Environment

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Development of a Giant Carbonate Oil Field, Part 2: Migration from Pressure Maintenance Development to Sweep Oriented IOR Development

Development of a Giant Carbonate Oil Field, Part 2: Migration from Pressure Maintenance Development to Sweep Oriented IOR Development

Prediction of immiscible gas flooding performance: a modified capacitance–resistance model and sensitivity analysis

On determination of interwell connectivity under immiscible gas injection process: Modified capacitance‐resistance model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About