A Case Study and Review of Literature of Eruptive Syringoma in a Six-Year-Old

Abstract

Syringomas are benign tumors originating from the intraepidermal portion of eccrine sweat ducts. A sixyear-old African American female presented with multiple 2-3 mm hyperpigmented papules over the neck, upper chest, and axillae bilaterally. The lesions were non-tender, non-pruritic, and did not bleed when lightly scraped. A café-au-lait macule was incidentally found in the mid-back of the patient. Histopathologically, multiple small ducts displaying a tadpole-shaped/paisley-tie pattern with fibrotic stroma were identified on hematoxylin and eosin staining. Epithelium showing nests of cells with basaloid appearance and dilated glands filled with eosinophilic material were also identified. These histopathologic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of eruptive syringoma. The patient was treated conservatively, and the lesions subsided without intervention. In most patients requesting treatment, isotretinoin is used; however, this may be an unnecessary measure in many patients. Overall, this case was significant due to the patient's young age, ethnicity, and clinical improvement in the absence of treatment.

Clinicopathological Spectrum of Syringoma: A Report of 50 Cases From a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India

“…With the support of established literature, we found nests of eccrine ducts and tadpole-like structures that were embedded in the fibrous stroma. This is corroborative to previous reports by Samia et al and Choi et al [ 10 , 11 ] The next finding was the clear cell changes of epithelial cells as shown in Figure 2b . Furthermore, a few additional findings such as acanthosis, basal cell pigmentation, and granulomatous foreign body reaction were found.…”

Eruptive syringomas: Summary of ninety cases and a brief literature review

“…4 The pathological features of eruptive syringomas are similar to the local type, including multiple cystic lumens and cords of solid cells in the dermis, and a comma-shaped appearance in few ducts. 5 It's also shown in (Figure 1). What's more, the etiology of the disease is not clear, and the treatment effect is not satisfactory.…”

“…It manifests as a sudden, massive appearance that affects two or more anatomical parts of the body, such as the anterior chest, abdomen and so on 4 . The pathological features of eruptive syringomas are similar to the local type, including multiple cystic lumens and cords of solid cells in the dermis, and a comma‐shaped appearance in few ducts 5 . It's also shown in (Figure 1).…”

Three cases of eruptive syringoma with dermoscopic features

“…The lesions are present symmetrically and characterized by skin-colored to reddish-brown shiny papules or flat-topped papules. However, few cases present pigmentation, erythema, Darier signs positive, or pseudokoebnerization [5]. They are typically located on the eyelids, neck, anterior chest, upper abdomen, upper extremities, axillae, and genitals, except on the palms, soles, or mucous membranes.…”

“…The purpose of treatment is to improve the cosmetic appearance. It is mainly treated by local physical and chemical therapy, including surgical resection, cryosurgery, electro desiccation, CO 2 laser, CO 2 laser combined with trichloroacetic acid [5], argon laser, fractional photothermolysis, dermabrasion, and chemical peeling. However, due to this variation type always involving the deeper regions of the dermis, some treatments may cause pigmentation, scar formation, or recurrence, and the therapeutic effect is not ideal.…”