A Case Report: Patient with the History of Hepatitis C Virus

Bashir, Tahir; Asim, Muhammad; Ahsan, Muhammad; Zafar, Muhammad Zeeshan; Hussain, Kashif

doi:10.4172/1948-5964.1000162

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…HCV is a chronic infectious disease of the liver caused by a single strand RNA of Hepatitis C virus The virus belongs to the genus hepacivirus specifically affects the liver leading to morbidity and mortality (Bashir et al, 2017;Choo et al, 1989;Tariq et al, 2016). Which were learnt about 15 years later after the discovery of HCV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of active HCV infection and genotypic distribution among the general population of district Mardan, Pakistan

et al. 2023

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the serious global public health burden of liver disease. Approximately 170 million people in the world are infected with (HCV). In Pakistan, where the disease has high occurrence rate. The present study envisages an up-to-date prevalence of HCV and genotypic distribution in the general population of Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The blood samples from 6,538 individuals including 3,263 males and 3,275 females were analyzed for hepatitis C surface antigen by Immuno-chromatographic test (ICT), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was found that 396 (12.13%) out of 3263 individuals contained antibodies in their blood against HCV, while among the different age groups, the highest incidences of HCV antibodies were found in the 31-40 age group (11.01%). The ICT positive samples were further screened by nested PCR to determine the existence of active HCV-RNA. It was identified that 7.11% (3263) of the total population (6538) tested was positive, among which the 461 (14.07%) females possessed antibodies in their blood against HCV. Our data showed total HCV infection in the investigated population was 5.78%. Higher percentage of HCV prevalence was detected in males than females in the age group 31-40 and 41-50. To compare the prevalence of HCV genotypes age-wise in male and female genotype 3a was found most prevalent genotype followed by 1a, 2a and 3b, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of active HCV infection and genotypic distribution among the general population of district Mardan, Pakistan

et al. 2023

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“…H epatitis C is a considerable public health challenge worldwide (4). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) precisely affects the liver causing chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), resulting in morbidity and mortality worldwide (23,72). According to an estimate, almost 200 million people are thought to be infected with HCV around the globe (5,23,63).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatitis C virus (HCV) precisely affects the liver causing chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), resulting in morbidity and mortality worldwide (23,72). According to an estimate, almost 200 million people are thought to be infected with HCV around the globe (5,23,63). Worldwide, roughly 350,000 deaths occur due to pathological hepatocellular complications caused by HCV (5,72).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Pakistan: Current Scenario and Review of Literature

Haqqi

Munir

Khalid³

et al. 2019

Viral Immunology

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health concern globally, resulting in liver-related complications. Approximately 6% population of Pakistan is infected with HCV. HCV is error prone, due to which it is classified into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes. HCV genotype determination is critical for treatment and therapy response. In this study, 3,539 samples were collected from 2015 to 2019 from all over Punjab. RNA was extracted from samples using QIA Amp Viral RNA MINI kit (Qiagen, Germany) and viral genotyping was performed. Furthermore, a systemized literature search (2009-2018) was done to analyze the HCV genotype distribution pattern in Pakistan. In Punjab, genotype 3a (86.46%) is most prevalent, followed by untypable (7.17%) and genotype 1a (3.84%) and 3b (1.04%). Mixed genotype constitutes only 0.67% of total infections. Genotype 2a, 2b, 3c, and 4 were found to be rare. Data available from literature review when compiled showed that HCV genotype 3a (58.16%) was predominant in Pakistan, followed by genotypes 3b (9.05%), 2a (6.70%), 1a (6.22%), and 1b (2.39%). The frequency of mixed genotypes was found to be 4% and 12% of untypable HCV variants. This study highlights the HCV genotype distribution pattern in different regions of Pakistan. Therapy response and disease management depend on genotype, so HCV genotype determination is crucial. In Pakistan, the most prevalent genotype is 3a, followed by untypable genotype. Both interferon and sofosbuvir are effective against genotype 3a, but treatment with sofosbuvir has comparatively high sustained virological response, less adverse effects, and more tolerability.

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“…Globally, 1.4 million deaths per year are due to viral hepatitis, 96% of which are caused by HBV and HCV infections [ 4 , 5 ]. Both HBV and HCV cause acute and chronic infections, resulting in progressive liver damage, that potentially leads to the development of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or death [ 6 , 7 ]. Together, HBV and HCV are the most common cause of cirrhosis and HCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections and associated factors among prisoners in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Tadesse,

Ayalew,

Million

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) cause considerable morbidity and mortality from their acute and chronic infections. The transmission of the viruses within the prisons is high due to overcrowding, and other risk behaviors such as drug use, and unsafe sexual practices. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated factors of HBV and HCV infections among prisoners in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gondar City Prison Center from May 1, 2022, to July 30, 2022. A total of 299 prison inmates were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and prison related factors. Five milliliters of blood sample were collected, and the serum was separated from the whole blood. The serum was tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibody by using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Data was entered using EpiData version 4.6.0 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was done to assess the association between the independent variables and HBV and HCV infections. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The overall seroprevalence of HBV or HCV infections was 10.4%. The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections was 7.0% and 4.0%, respectively. It has been demonstrated that having several heterosexual partners, sharing sharp materials in prison, having longer imprisonment, and having a body tattoo are significantly associated with HBV infection. The presence of a body tattoo, a history of surgical procedures, and previous imprisonment are associated risk factors for HCV infection. Conclusion The prevalence of HBV and HCV were high-intermediate and high, respectively. Therefore, preventative and control initiatives are needed in prisons to decrease the rate of infection and transmission.

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A Case Report: Patient with the History of Hepatitis C Virus

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Prevalence of active HCV infection and genotypic distribution among the general population of district Mardan, Pakistan

Prevalence of active HCV infection and genotypic distribution among the general population of district Mardan, Pakistan

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Pakistan: Current Scenario and Review of Literature

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections and associated factors among prisoners in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia

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