A Case Report on Paraneoplastic Pemphigus Associated Colonic Carcinoma

Wang, Yanzhao; Gao, Zhaoya; Lei, Fang; Zhang, Jinxia; Gu, Jin

doi:10.4103/0366-6999.183422

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…[46][47][48] There are cases of PNP associated with non-hematological diseases, such as thymoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. [49][50][51][52] Unlike PV and PF, the cutaneous manifestations of PNP are polymorphic, ranging from pemphigus-like or pemphigoid-like blisters and erosions to erythema multiforme-like targetoid lesions and graft-versus-host disease-like or lichen planus-like erythematous papules and plaques. 45,53 Different skin lesions can be present in the same patient.…”

Section: Clinical and Pathological Features Of Pnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PNP is less common than PV and PF, and 84% of the underlying neoplasms are hematologic‐related disorders, of which approximately 40% are non‐Hodgkin lymphomas, 15%–37% correspond to Castleman disease, and 7%–18% correspond to chronic lymphocytic leukemia 46–48 . There are cases of PNP associated with non‐hematological diseases, such as thymoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma 49–52 …”

Section: Pathogenic Role Of Autoreactive T Cells In Pnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 46 , 47 , 48 There are cases of PNP associated with non‐hematological diseases, such as thymoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 …”

Section: Pathogenic Role Of Autoreactive T Cells In Pnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T cell autoimmunity and immune regulation to desmoglein 3, a pemphigus autoantigen

Takahashi

Iriki

Asahina

2022

The Journal of Dermatology

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Pemphigus is a life‐threatening autoimmune bullous disease mediated by anti‐desmoglein IgG autoantibodies. Pemphigus is mainly classified into three subtypes: pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, and paraneoplastic pemphigus. The pathogenicity of autoantibodies has been extensively studied. Anti‐human CD20 antibody therapy targeting B cells emerged as a more effective treatment option compared to conventional therapy for patients with an intractable disease. On the other hand, autoreactive T cells are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis based on the test results of human leukocyte antigen association, autoreactive T cell detection, and cytokine profile analysis. Research on the role of T cells in pemphigus has continued to progress, including that on T follicular helper cells, which initiate molecular mechanisms involved in antibody production in B cells. Autoreactive T cell research in mice has highlighted the crucial roles of cellular autoimmunity and improved the understanding of its pathogenesis, especially in paraneoplastic pemphigus. The mouse research has helped elucidate novel regulatory mechanisms of autoreactive T cells, such as thymic tolerance to desmoglein 3 and the essential roles of regulatory T cells, Langerhans cells, and other molecules in peripheral tissues. This review focuses on the immunological aspects of autoreactive T cells in pemphigus by providing detailed information on various related topics.

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Section: Clinical and Pathological Features Of Pnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenic Role Of Autoreactive T Cells In Pnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T cell autoimmunity and immune regulation to desmoglein 3, a pemphigus autoantigen

Takahashi

Iriki

Asahina

2022

The Journal of Dermatology

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“…Among the non-hematological neoplasms, sarcomas present approximately 8.6% of the cases, such as leiomyosarcoma, malignant nerve sheath tumor, poorly differentiated sarcoma, reticular cell sarcoma, dendritic cell sarcoma, liposarcoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastoma [15][16][17]. Other less common diseases described in the literature that provide PNP are malignant thymoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, colon carcinoma, CD8+ T-cell lymphoma, retroperitoneal Kaposi's sarcoma, and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Although the PNP is triggered by several neoplasias, the manifestations of this disease may precede the hematological disorders and other malignancies, thus requiring the frequent and continuous follow-up of these patients [15].…”

Section: Association With Malignancy and Genetic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraneoplastic Pemphigus Is a Life-Threatening Disease

Konichi-Dias¹

2019

Current Trends in Cancer Management

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Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a multiorganic autoimmune disease, usually triggered by neoplasias, mainly of lymphoproliferative origin such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Castleman disease, and thymoma. This disorder is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that react against proteins, such as desmoplakins, desmocollins, and others existing in cell junctions. The prognosis is reserved, and the mortality rate of the disease is very high, thus proving to be an additional challenge in the therapeutic management of onco-hematological diseases. The objective of this chapter is to solve the main clinical aspects of paraneoplastic pemphigus in lymphoproliferative hematological diseases, anatomopathological and immunofluorescence characteristics, as well as associations with the main differential diagnoses and therapeutic management. We will also describe the main differential diagnoses of paraneoplastic pemphigus, such as various types of pemphigus including induced drug, bullous pemphigoid, drug eruption, lichen planus, graft versus host disease, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. In addition, the prognosis and quality of life will be mentioned.

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Paraneoplastic Pemphigus and Autoimmune Blistering Diseases Associated with Neoplasm: Characteristics, Diagnosis, Associated Neoplasms, Proposed Pathogenesis, Treatment

et al. 2016

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Autoimmune paraneoplastic and neoplasm-associated skin syndromes are characterized by autoimmune-mediated cutaneous lesions in the presence of a neoplasm. The identification of these syndromes provides information about the underlying tumor, systemic symptoms, and debilitating complications. The recognition of these syndromes is particularly helpful in cases of skin lesions presenting as the first sign of the malignancy, and the underlying malignancy can be treated in a timely manner. Autoimmune paraneoplastic and neoplasm-associated bullous skin syndromes are characterized by blister formation due to an autoimmune response to components of the epidermis or basement membrane in the context of a neoplasm. The clinical manifestations, histopathology and immunopathology findings, target antigens, associated neoplasm, current diagnostic criteria, current understanding of pathogenesis, and treatment options for a selection of four diseases are reviewed. Paraneoplastic pemphigus manifests with clinically distinct painful mucosal erosions and polymorphic cutaneous lesions, and is often associated with lymphoproliferative neoplasm. In contrast, bullous pemphigoid associated with neoplasm presents with large tense subepidermal bullae of the skin, and mild mucosal involvement, but without unique clinical features. Mucous membrane pemphigoid associated with neoplasm is a disorder of chronic subepithelial blisters that evolve into erosions and ulcerations that heal with scarring, and involves stratified squamous mucosal surfaces. Linear IgA dermatosis associated with neoplasm is characterized by annularly grouped pruritic papules, vesicles, and bullae along the extensor surfaces of elbows, knees, and buttocks. Physicians should be aware that these autoimmune paraneoplastic and neoplasm-associated syndromes can manifest distinct or similar clinical features as compared with the non-neoplastic counterparts.

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A Case Report on Paraneoplastic Pemphigus Associated Colonic Carcinoma

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

T cell autoimmunity and immune regulation to desmoglein 3, a pemphigus autoantigen

T cell autoimmunity and immune regulation to desmoglein 3, a pemphigus autoantigen

Paraneoplastic Pemphigus Is a Life-Threatening Disease

Paraneoplastic Pemphigus and Autoimmune Blistering Diseases Associated with Neoplasm: Characteristics, Diagnosis, Associated Neoplasms, Proposed Pathogenesis, Treatment

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