A case report of two instances of colorectal hepatoid adenocarcinoma, accompanied by a comprehensive literature review

Abstract

Objective The study aimed to explore the clinical and pathological characteristics, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors of colorectal hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Methods We performed two cases of colorectal hepatoid adenocarcinoma treated at the Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. We also reviewed literature up to the present and performed a retrospective study of colorectal hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Results Among the 39 patients included in this study, 28 had primary tumors in the colon, 9 in the rectum, and 2 in the rectosigmoid junction. The median age was 52 years (range 31–75 years); 28 patients (71.8%) were male. Out of the 32 patients for whom survival data were available, 24 patients succumbed to disease-related causes. The median overall survival of 32 patients was 8 months, with 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates of 31.0% and 16.0%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that depth of infiltration, presence of liver metastases, TNM stage, and the completeness of surgical resection were significantly associated with the overall survival period of colorectal hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Conclusion Colorectal hepatoid adenocarcinoma exhibits a high degree of aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The major strategy for early-stage HAC was radical surgery and chemoradiotherapy demonstrates limited efficacy for extending survival.

Giant hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon in an 84- year-old woman: A case report and review of the literature

“…The most common origin of HACs is the stomach, and they share similar histological and clinical features with those of the colon or rectum (10). A recent study summarized 39 cases of colorectal HACs reported over the last 30 years (11). In the colon or rectum, 46.2% were located in the right hemicolon, 25.6% in the left hemicolon, and 23.1% in the rectum (11,12).…”

“…A recent study summarized 39 cases of colorectal HACs reported over the last 30 years (11). In the colon or rectum, 46.2% were located in the right hemicolon, 25.6% in the left hemicolon, and 23.1% in the rectum (11,12).…”

“…There has been a male predominance (Male: Female = 2.4:1) in patients with HAC (4), which is similar to tumors that occur in the colon and rectum (2:1) (3,11). Moreover, HACs in the colon and rectum have unique features such as blood in the stool and abdominal pain (11).…”

“…First, 84.6% of patients were classi ed as stage III-IV, and nearly half had distant metastases, primarily in the liver (3). Second, the reported median survival for patients was 8 months, with a 1-year overall survival rate of 31.0% (11), and signi cant prognostic factors include depth of invasion, liver metastasis, TNM stage, and complete resection (11). Therefore, surgeons should aggressively intervene if the patient's condition permits intervention.…”