A case of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in continental United States

Chavez, Jesús A; Alexander, Andrew J.; Balada-Llasat, Joan Miquel; Pancholi, Preeti

doi:10.1099/jmmcr.0.005134

Cited by 16 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…There are currently limited publications regarding the connection of specific species of larvae to strains of bacteria and the successful management of their infestations and infections. [9,17]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, myiasis should prompt healthcare providers to suspect possible bacterial infection, both of the tissue and the blood. [7,9]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10,11] Both of these bacteria are unusual human pathogens, but they have been documented in relation to maggot infestations in the last few years. [2,4–7,9,11–15] Just as myiasis may indicate an underlying bacterial infection, the presence of bacteremia with either W chitiniclastica or I indica in humans with no observable larvae may indicate occult myiasis. [6]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myiasis-induced sepsis: a rare case report of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica bacteremia in the continental United States

et al. 2018

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Rationale:The presentation of sepsis and bacteremia in cutaneous and cavitary myiasis is uncommon. We present a patient, residing in a temperate region of the United States, with myiasis and sepsis from the emerging human pathogens Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica.Patient concerns:A 37-year-old male patient with an 8-month history of chronic lymphedema and ulcers of the lower left extremity presented with myiasis of the left foot and leg. The patient was initially seen by his family practitioner many times and was prescribed antibiotics which he could not afford. Debridement of the myiasis was not conducted by the family practitioner due to the belief that the patient's current state of myiasis would effectively debride and eventually heal the chronic ulcers along with multiple antibiotic regimens. Over the 8-month period, the patient developed a progressive, painful, necrotizing infection of his lower left extremity.Diagnoses:Physical examination clearly showed myiasis of the patient's lower left extremity, believed to be caused by Lucilia sericata (green bottle fly). Blood cultures revealed the presence of Providencia stuartii, W chitiniclastica, and I indica to be the underlying cause of sepsis and bacteremia.Interventions:All visible maggots were extracted, debridement of devitalized tissue was performed, and the leg ulcers were wrapped in pH neutral bleach. The patient was initially treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic regimen of vancomycin, clindamycin, piperacillin, and tazobactam which, following clinical improvement, was de-escalated to cefepime.Outcomes:The fly larvae and maggots were removed from the extremity by scrubbing, pulse lavage, and filing away the callused tissue. Additionally, the patient's sepsis and bacteremia, caused by W chitiniclastica and I indica, were successfully treated through antibiotic intervention. Amputation was avoided.Lessons:The use of pulse lavage and chlorhexidine-soaked brushes for the removal of cavitary myiasis is an effective and minimally invasive procedure which does not cause additional damage to surrounding tissue. W chitiniclastica and I indica are emerging bacteria that have known association to parasitic fly myiasis in humans and are capable of causing sepsis and/or bacteremia if not accurately identified and treated promptly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, myiasis should prompt healthcare providers to suspect possible bacterial infection, both of the tissue and the blood. [7,9]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myiasis-induced sepsis: a rare case report of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica bacteremia in the continental United States

et al. 2018

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“…The germ is used as biomarker in forensic cases [ 2 ]. In human 13 cases of human infection have been published yet including the first case of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in continental United States derived from infection of open chronic wound associated with poor care and hygiene [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myiasis absent Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in a lung cancer patient: a case report

Dovjak¹,

Kroißenbrunner²,

Iglseder

2021

Eur J Med Res

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Background A gruesome infection was found in a woman with advanced lung tumor and associated malnutrition. Worldwide, bacteremia with Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica was only found in 13 cases yet. Case presentation This is the first case in Austria and the first case without infestation of maggots. Conclusions This germ is an emerging human pathogen not only in patients with poor personal hygiene, difficult social circumstances, alcohol dependence or chronic wounds. It must be included in the differential diagnosis of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia.

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“…The germ is used as biomarker in forensic cases (2). In human 13 cases of human infection have been published yet including the rst case of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in continental United States derived from infection of open chronic wound associated with poor care and hygiene (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myiasis Absent Wohlfahrtiimonas Chitiniclastica Bacteremia in a Lung Cancer Patient – A Case Report

Dovjak¹,

Kroissenbrunner²,

Iglseder

2021

Preprint

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Background: A gruesome infection was found in a woman with advanced lung tumor and associated malnutrition. Worldwide, bacteremia with Wohlfartiimonas chitiniclastica was only found in 13 cases yet.Case presentation: This is the first case in Austria and the first case without infestation of maggots.Conclusions: This germ may be considered as an emerging human pathogen not only in patients with poor personal hygiene, difficult social circumstances, alcohol dependence or chronic wounds.AbstraktEine grauenhafte Infektion wurde bei einer Patientin mit fortgeschrittenem Lungentumor und Malnutrition gefunden. Bisher wurden weltweit erst 13 Fälle mit einer Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica - Bakteriämie beschrieben. Dieser erste Fall in Österreich manifestierte sich ohne eine Infestation mit Maden. Dieses Bakterium kann als neuer Krankheitserreger betrachtet werden, der nicht nur bei Patienten unter mangelnder Hygienebedingungen, schwierigen sozialen Verhältnissen, Alkoholabhängigkeit oder chronischen Wunden auftreten kann.

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A case of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in continental United States

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Myiasis-induced sepsis: a rare case report of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica bacteremia in the continental United States

Myiasis-induced sepsis: a rare case report of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica bacteremia in the continental United States

Myiasis absent Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in a lung cancer patient: a case report

Myiasis Absent Wohlfahrtiimonas Chitiniclastica Bacteremia in a Lung Cancer Patient – A Case Report

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