A case of Vibrio vulnificus related wound infection diagnosed by next-generation sequencing

Li, Linhui; Wang, Lingyan; Zhang, Chunhong; Chen, Peng; Luo, Xu

doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00497

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, these infections can be very severe resulting in some cases in amputation of infected limbs and loss of life. The great majority occur in males, especially in men over 40 years of age, presumably reflecting occupational and recreational activities [ 425 426 ].…”

Section: Impacts Of Ocean Pollution On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models incorporate multiple layers of geocoded data and are designed to generate predictive forecasts [ 553 ]. New technologies such molecular and bioinformatics-based diagnostics [ 410 425 554 ], metabarcoding, “big data” mining and machine learning may be expected to contribute to further development of these efforts [ 40 555 556 ]. Implementation of real-time PCR-based approaches has already been shown to be a useful tool for diagnosing V. vulnificus wound infections [ 554 ].…”

Section: Impacts Of Ocean Pollution On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Health and Ocean Pollution

Landrigan

Stegeman

Fleming

et al. 2020

Annals of Global Health

340

170

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Methods: Topic-focused reviews that examine the effects of ocean pollution on human health, identify gaps in knowledge, project future trends, and offer evidence-based guidance for effective intervention. Environmental Findings: Pollution of the oceans is widespread, worsening, and in most countries poorly controlled. It is a complex mixture of toxic metals, plastics, manufactured chemicals, petroleum, urban and industrial wastes, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceutical chemicals, agricultural runoff, and sewage. More than 80% arises from land-based sources. It reaches the oceans through rivers, runoff, atmospheric deposition and direct discharges. It is often heaviest near the coasts and most highly concentrated along the coasts of low-and middle-income countries. Plastic is a rapidly increasing and highly visible component of ocean pollution, and an estimated 10 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the seas each year. Mercury is the metal pollutant of greatest concern in the oceans; it is released from two main sources-coal combustion and small-scale gold mining. Global spread of industrialized agriculture with increasing use of chemical fertilizer leads to extension of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) to previously unaffected regions. Chemical pollutants are ubiquitous and contaminate seas and marine organisms from the high Arctic to the abyssal depths. Ecosystem Findings: Ocean pollution has multiple negative impacts on marine ecosystems, and these impacts are exacerbated by global climate change. Petroleum-based pollutants reduce photosynthesis in marine microorganisms that generate oxygen. Increasing absorption of carbon dioxide into the seas causes ocean acidification, which destroys coral reefs, impairs shellfish development, dissolves calcium-containing microorganisms at the base of the marine food web, and increases the toxicity of some pollutants. Plastic pollution threatens marine mammals, fish, and seabirds and accumulates in large mid-ocean gyres. It breaks down into microplastic and nanoplastic particles containing multiple manufactured chemicals that can enter the tissues of marine organisms, including species consumed by humans. Industrial releases, runoff, and sewage increase frequency and severity of HABs, bacterial pollution, and anti-microbial resistance. Pollution and sea surface warming are triggering poleward migration of dangerous pathogens such as the Vibrio species. Industrial discharges, pharmaceutical wastes, pesticides, and sewage contribute to global declines in fish stocks. Human Health Findings: Methylmercury and PCBs are the ocean pollutants whose human health effects are best understood. Exposures of infants in utero to these pollutants through maternal consumption of contaminated seafood can damage developing brains, reduce IQ and increase children's risks for autism, ADHD and learning disorders. Adult exposures to methylmercury increase risks for cardiovascular disease and dementia. Manufactured chemicals-phthalates, bisphenol A, flame retardants, and perfluorinated chemicals...

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Section: Impacts Of Ocean Pollution On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impacts Of Ocean Pollution On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Health and Ocean Pollution

Landrigan

Stegeman

Fleming

et al. 2020

Annals of Global Health

340

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bacteria from the genus Vibrio have caused enormous losses in the shrimp and fish industry due to mass death and slowing of the growth rate of the fingerlings. The Vibrio also infects people consuming raw or undercooked seafood as a case in Japan where a man has reported to be infected by V. vulnificus through fish (Li et al 2018). The objective of this study was to explore the mangrove-associated fungi as sources of protease and cellulase enzymes and/or anti-Vibrio compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of fungi isolated from a mangrove ecosystem in Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia: Protease, cellulase and anti-microbial capabilities

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Trianto A, Radjasa OK, Subagiyo, Purnaweni H, Bahry MS, Djamaludin R, Tjoa A, Singleton I, Diele K, Evan D. 2021. Potential of fungi isolated from a mangrove ecosystem in Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia: Protease, cellulase and anti-microbial capabilities. Biodiversitas 22: 1717- 1724. The high and relatively unexplored diversity of fungi present in the mangrove ecosystem represents a source of novel biotechnological importance. This study explored the potential of fungi isolated from the mangrove ecosystems to produce proteases and cellulases (commercially important enzymes) and their ability to inhibit pathogenic Vibrio species. Random samples of root, branch, leaf, sediments and litters were collected from 5 different mangrove sites in Manado, North Sulawesi, as a source of fungal isolates. The fungi were isolated on malt extract agar (MEA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA). The isolates were identified mainly based on the molecular methods (18S gene sequence) and examined for their ability to produce proteases, cellulases, and activity against several Vibrio species. Altogether 288 species of fungi were isolated from all samples. The fungi, isolated from leaves showed the highest diversity. A fungal isolate 19 Mba-C2-1 Fusarium equiseti from Avicennia sp. leaf showed the highest protease activity. While, the isolate 19 MT-05-3 Hypocrea sp. from sediment had the highest cellulase activity. From the root of Rhizophora sp., the isolate 19 MT-04-3 identified as Trichoderma viride had the strongest activity against a range of Vibrio species. This work indicates the high potential of fungi isolated from mangrove ecosystems as a source of commercially important enzymes and novel antimicrobial compounds.

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“…V vulnificus is an extremely virulent bacteria, especially in an immunocompromised host. 3 Under certain circumstances, this pathogen can cause serious and often fatal infectious complications. The main factors supporting its virulence include an extracellular acidic polysaccharide capsule, pili facilitating attachment and colonization, and production of degradative toxins and enzymes, such as hemolysin, metalloprotease, enterotoxin, chitinase, amylase, and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio vulnificus-Induced Necrotizing Fasciitis Complicated by Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection: Efficacy of Chemical Necrectomy Using 40% Benzoic Acid

Lipový

Mager

Raška

et al. 2021

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds

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Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening skin and soft tissue infection associated with high morbidity and mortality in adult patients. This infection can present as either type 1 infection caused by a mixed microflora ( Streptococci, Enterobacteriacae, Bacteroides sp., and Peptostreptococcus sp.), most commonly developing in patients after surgery or in diabetic patients, or as type 2. The latter type is monomicrobial and, usually, caused by group A Streptococci. Rarely, this type can be also caused by other pathogens, such as Vibrio vulnificus. V vulnificus is a small mobile Gram-negative rod capable of causing 3 types of infections in humans—gastroenteritis, primary infection of the vascular bed, and wound infections. If infecting a wound, V vulnificus can cause a life-threatening condition—necrotizing fasciitis. We present a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis developing after an insect bite followed by exposure to the seawater. Rapid propagation of the infectious complication in the region of the right lower limb led to a serious consideration of the necessity of amputation. Due to the clearly demarcated necroses and secondary skin and soft tissue infection caused by a multiresistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii, we, however, resorted to the use of selective chemical necrectomy using 40% benzoic acid—a unique application in this kind of condition. The chemical necrectomy was successful, relatively gentle and thanks to its selectivity, vital parts of the limb remained preserved and could have been subsequently salvaged at minimum blood loss. Moreover, the antimicrobial effect of benzoic acid led to rapid decolonization of the necrosis and wound bed preparation, which allowed us to perform defect closure using split-thickness skin grafts. The patient subsequently healed without further complications and returned to normal life.

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A case of Vibrio vulnificus related wound infection diagnosed by next-generation sequencing

Abstract: Vibrio vulnificus is a serious opportunistic human pathogen, which can cause primary septicemia, wound infection and gastroenteritis. In this case, wound and blood culture failed to grow the pathogen and a next-generation sequencing method was used to detect the pathogen as V. vulnificus .

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Human Health and Ocean Pollution

Human Health and Ocean Pollution

Potential of fungi isolated from a mangrove ecosystem in Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia: Protease, cellulase and anti-microbial capabilities

Vibrio vulnificus-Induced Necrotizing Fasciitis Complicated by Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection: Efficacy of Chemical Necrectomy Using 40% Benzoic Acid

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