A Case of Tick-Bite-Induced Red Meat Allergy

Wuerdeman, Marc; Harrison, Joshua M.

doi:10.7205/milmed-d-13-00369

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In fact, a growing body of literature suggests that bites from the lone-star tick ( Am. americanum ) are causing α-gal syndrome (5, 7, 8, 35). It remains unknown whether bites from Am.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although AGS has been identified worldwide, in the United States a growing body of research suggests that bites from the lone-star tick ( Amblyomma americanum ) give rise to α-gal-specific IgE (sIgE) (5), and this is an unusual allergic reaction to mammalian meat products (6). In some instances, tick bites have been specifically indicated as the likely mechanism of red meat allergy (7, 8). However, many physicians remain unaware of this growing problem, and patients can often be misdiagnosed with an idiopathic hypersensitivity reaction (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discovery of Alpha-Gal-Containing Antigens in North American Tick Species Believed to Induce Red Meat Allergy

et al. 2019

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Development of specific IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1, 3-galactose (α-gal) following tick bites has been shown to be the source of red meat allergy. In this study, we investigated the presence of α-gal in four tick species: the lone-star tick ( Amblyomma americanum ), the Gulf-Coast tick ( Amblyomma maculatum ), the American dog tick ( Dermacentor variabilis ), and the black-legged tick ( Ixodes scapularis ) by using a combination of immunoproteomic approach and, carbohydrate analysis. Anti-α-gal antibodies identified α-gal in the salivary glands of both Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis , while Am. maculatum and De. variabilis appeared to lack the carbohydrate. PNGase F treatment confirmed the deglycosylation of N-linked α-gal-containing proteins in tick salivary glands. Immunolocalization of α-gal moieties to the salivary secretory vesicles of the salivary acini also confirmed the secretory nature of α-gal-containing antigens in ticks. Am. americanum ticks were fed on human blood (lacks α-gal) using a silicone membrane system to determine the source of the α-gal. N-linked glycan analysis revealed that Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis have α-gal in their saliva and salivary glands, but Am. maculatum contains no detectable quantity. Consistent with the glycan analysis, salivary samples from Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis stimulated activation of basophils primed with plasma from α-gal allergic subjects. Together, these data support the idea that bites from certain tick species may specifically create a risk for the development of α-gal-specific IgE and hypersensitivity reactions in humans. Alpha-Gal syndrome challenges the current food allergy paradigm and broadens opportunities for future research.

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“…In fact, a growing body of literature suggests that bites from the lone-star tick ( Am. americanum ) are causing α-gal syndrome (5, 7, 8, 35). It remains unknown whether bites from Am.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Alpha-Gal-Containing Antigens in North American Tick Species Believed to Induce Red Meat Allergy

et al. 2019

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“…In contrast, children in the Tien Giang Province showed a much higher prevalence of mollusk, wheat, tree nuts, and beef. Recent studies in the United States and Sweden documented the association of red meat allergy with tick bites, which was explained by the cross‐reactivity of a carbohydrate oligosaccharide galactose‐alpha‐1,3‐galactose in mammalian meat and a similar component found in the saliva of tick. Children from rural areas are more likely to have tick bites than those in the city, and therefore, environmental factors might contribute to the high rate of beef allergy in children in Tien Giang.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross‐sectional, population‐based study on the prevalence of food allergies among children in two different socio‐economic regions of Vietnam

Nguyen

et al. 2019

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Background There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of food allergy (FA) in Vietnam. A cross‐sectional, population‐based study was conducted to evaluate the current prevalence of FA among 2‐ to 6‐year‐old children in two different regions in Vietnam. Method A structured, anonymous questionnaire, modified from published FA epidemiologic studies and based on EAACI guidelines, was distributed to parents/guardians of participating children in Hue City (urban area) and Tien Giang Province (rural area). Data collected from the survey were statistically analyzed to generate the prevalence of self‐reported and doctor‐diagnosed FA and overarching pattern of food allergens. Results A total of 8620 responses were collected (response rate 81.5%). Children in Tien Giang reported more than twice the food‐induced adverse reactions seen in children in Hue (47.8% vs. 20.5%). In contrast, children in Hue showed higher self‐reported FA (9.8%) and doctor‐diagnosed FA rates (8.4%) than children in Tien Giang (7.9% and 5.0%, respectively). Crustacean was the predominant allergy‐inducing food in both areas (330 of 580 cases, 56.9%), followed by fish, mollusk, beef, milk, and egg. However, substantial variations of FA patterns were seen between the study sites. Geographic location and co‐morbidities of other allergic diseases were key risk factors for FA (P < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of FA in Vietnamese children seems to be higher than previously reported from other Asian countries. Crustacean is the predominant allergy‐inducing food among participating preschool children in Vietnam. The variation of reported food allergen sources across different socio‐economic locations could imply different eating habits or the participation of indoor and outdoor allergen exposure.

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“…In fact, a growing body of literature suggests that bites from the lone-star tick ( Am. americanum ) are causing α-gal syndrome 5,7,8,32 . It remained unknown whether bites from Am.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the link between alpha-gal-containing antigens in North American ticks and red meat allergy

Crispell

Sp²,

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Development of specific IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1, 3galactose (α-gal) following tick bites has been shown to be the source of red meat allergy. In this study, we investigated the presence of α -gal in four tick species: the lonestar tick (Amblyomma americanum), the Gulf-Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum), the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), and the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) by using a combination of immunoproteome, carbohydrate analysis, and basophil activation approaches. Using anti-α-gal antibodies, α -gal was identified in the salivary glands of both Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis, while Am. maculatum and De. variabilis appeared to lack the sugar. PNGase F treatment confirmed the deglycosylation of N-linked α -gal-containing proteins in tick salivary glands. Immunolocalization of α -gal moieties to the salivary secretory vesicles of the salivary acini also confirmed the secretory nature of α -gal-containing antigens in ticks. Am. americanum ticks were fed human blood (lacks α -gal) using an artificial membrane feeding system to determine the source of α -gal. N-linked glycan analysis revealed that Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis have α -gal in their saliva and salivary glands, but Am. maculatum contains no detectable quantity. Salivary samples from Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis stimulated activation of basophils primed with plasma from α -gal allergic subjects. Together, our data support the idea that bites from certain tick species may specifically create a risk for the development of α -gal-specific IgE and hypersensitivity reactions in humans. Alpha-Gal syndrome challenges the current food allergy paradigm and broadens opportunities for future research.

show abstract

A Case of Tick-Bite-Induced Red Meat Allergy

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Discovery of Alpha-Gal-Containing Antigens in North American Tick Species Believed to Induce Red Meat Allergy

Discovery of Alpha-Gal-Containing Antigens in North American Tick Species Believed to Induce Red Meat Allergy

A cross‐sectional, population‐based study on the prevalence of food allergies among children in two different socio‐economic regions of Vietnam

Determining the link between alpha-gal-containing antigens in North American ticks and red meat allergy

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