A case of sporotrichosis infection mimicking pyoderma gangrenosum and the role of tissue culture in diagnosis: A case report

Tai, Felicia; Jakubovic, Henry R.; Alabdulrazzaq, Shaikhah; Alavi, Afsáneh

doi:10.1177/2050313x20919600

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Many reports have shown features of the disease mimicking pyoderma gangrenosum. 4,5 The typical histopathology of sporotrichosis reveals a mixed granulomatous and pyogenic inflammatory process. Characteristic structures, such as oval or cigar-shaped yeasts and mycelial and asteroid bodies, are found in tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Caused by Disseminated Cutaneous Sporotrichosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Shi¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis (CLV) is a vasculitis that involves mainly small blood vessels in the skin. CLV has different causes (drugs, infections, or neoplastic or systemic inflammatory diseases). Sporotrichosis has rarely been associated with CLV. We report a case of disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis caused by microorganisms in the Sporothrix clade in a Chinese woman with a tuberculous peritonitis history. Her lesions included many ulcers with crusts on the limbs. A skin biopsy yielded a histologic diagnosis of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Periodic acid-Schiff and Grocott methenamine silver stains revealed numerous round-to-oval, thick-walled yeast cells in the necrotic tissue of the dermis. Mycological cultures grew pure dark brown wrinkled and villous fungus colonies morphologically and microscopic characteristics suggestive of the pathogenic Sporothrix clade which was followed confirmed as Sporothrix globosa (S. globosa) by the PCR method and sequencing based on calmodulin gene. Although infrequently, Sporothrix clade may cause CLV and should be considered in its differential diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Caused by Disseminated Cutaneous Sporotrichosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Shi¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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“…A total of 48 publications related to sporotrichosis were found in North America [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. There were 1460 patients in total associated with infection caused by species of the genus Sporothrix .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were 1460 patients in total associated with infection caused by species of the genus Sporothrix . According to the previous classification, it was found that in Canada, only two case reports were found, one from Ontario and the other from Toronto [ 5 , 6 ]. In the US, 27 reports containing 1 clinical case were found (81.5% S. schenckii , 18.5% Sporothrix spp., S. schenckii complex, and S. schenckii sensu lato ) [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several techniques for detecting sporotrichosis, including Sabouraud dextrose agar cultures, lactophenol blue or erythromycin staining, histopathological studies, and PCR sequencing, among others [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the clinical forms of sporotrichosis, various types have been described, such as the lymphocutaneous, fixed cutaneous, and, as mentioned earlier, the disseminated or hematogenous forms where both organs and tissues can be affected [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The latter is the rarest because the recommended antifungal regimens are usually effective; however, in patients with alterations in cellular immunity, these infections can spread [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Hernández‐Castro

Pinto‐Almazán

Arenas

et al. 2022

JoF

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Background: Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus. Presently, the prevalence of sporotrichosis in the Americas is unknown, so this study aims to analyze the cases reported in the past 10 years. Methods: An advanced search was conducted from 2012 to 2022 in English and Spanish in PUBMED, SciELO, and Cochrane, with the terms: “sporotrichosis”, “lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis”, “fixed sporotrichosis”, “mycosis”, “Sporothrix spp.”, “Sporothrix complex”, “S. schenckii sensu stricto”, “S. schenckii sensu lato”, “S. globose”, “S. brasiliensis”, “S. luriei”. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus associated with “pathogenicity” or “epidemiology”. Results: A total of 124 articles were found in the Americas, corresponding to 12,568 patients. Of these, 87.38% of cases were reported in South America, 11.62% in North America, and 1.00% in Central America and the Caribbean. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent etiological agents were S. schenckii complex/Sporothrix spp. (52.91%), S. schenckii (42.38%), others (4.68%), and Not Determined (ND) (0.03%). The most frequent form of the disease was lymphocutaneous infection; however, the infection type was not determined in 5639 cases. Among the diagnostic methods, culture was the most used. Conclusions: There is a high occurrence of cases reported in the literature. South America is the region with the highest number of reports because of its environment (climate, inhalation of spores, etc.), zoonotic transmission (scratches and sneezes from contaminated animals), and possible traumatic inoculation due to outdoor activities (agriculture, gardening, and related occupations). Molecular diagnosis has not been sufficiently developed due to its high cost.

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Clinical Analysis of Patients Diagnosed with Cutaneous Sporotrichosis in China

Zheng,

Shi,

Wang

et al. 2024

IDR

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Purpose This study aimed to improve the understanding of sporotrichosis by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, mycological features, and pathological characteristics of the disease in eastern China. Methods Clinical data of 49 patients diagnosed with cutaneous sporotrichosis in dermatology clinics over a 20-year period were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The analysis included patient demographics, occupations, clinical types, lesion sites, misdiagnosis rates, laboratory investigations, treatment and outcomes. Results The study included 22 male and 27 female patients, with a mean age of 52.4 years. Farmers (42.86%) and manual workers (28.57%) had a higher risk of infection. The most common clinical types were lymphocutaneous (30.61%) and fixed (69.39%), predominantly affecting the face and upper limbs. Misdiagnosis as other infectious skin diseases occurred in 35 patients (71.43%). Fungal culture and histopathological examination were important diagnostic tools. Treatment with oral itraconazole for three months led to relief and regression of the skin lesions in most patients, although a few experienced recurrences. Conclusion Cutaneous sporotrichosis mainly affects individuals working in agriculture and manual labour, with lymphocutaneous and fixed types being the predominant clinical manifestations. The high misdiagnosis rate emphasizes the importance of early recognition, accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment for the prognosis and cure of sporotrichosis. Fungal culture and histopathological examination are essential for diagnosis, and oral itraconazole is an effective treatment option.

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A case of sporotrichosis infection mimicking pyoderma gangrenosum and the role of tissue culture in diagnosis: A case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Caused by Disseminated Cutaneous Sporotrichosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Caused by Disseminated Cutaneous Sporotrichosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Clinical Analysis of Patients Diagnosed with Cutaneous Sporotrichosis in China

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