A case of septic arthritis due to infection with Gemella morbillorum

Roche, M.; Smyth, E.G.

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2005.01.009

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Other infections like bacteremia 12 septic arthritis 13 , pneumonia 14 , pleural empyema [15][16][17][18] , liver abscess [19][20][21][22] , spondylodiscitis 23 , septic shock 24 , pericarditis 25 , soft tissue infection 26 , sub-dural empyema 27 (complication of frontal sinusitis) are also uncommon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar abscess by Gemella morbillorum in a patient with inter-atrial communication

Lopes

Providência²,

Pais³

et al. 2007

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Gemella morbillorum, a commensal of the oropharynx, upper respiratory, urogenital and gastrointestinal tract is rarely associated with infections in humans. However, an increasing number of infectious processes in different locations have been reported. Cerebral abscesses caused by these bacteria are extremely uncommon with only four cases previously described in the literature. We present the case of a cerebellar abscess by Gemella morbillorum in a 50 years-old man with inter-atrial communication dealt by surgical excision and antimicrobial therapy.KEY WORDS: cerebellar abscess, inter-atrial communication, Gemella. Abscesso cerebelar por Gemella morbillorum em paciente com comunicação inter-atrialRESUMO -Gemella morbillorum, uma bactéria comensal da orofaringe, vias aéreas superiores e aparelhos urogenital e gastrointestinal, raramente causa infecções em humanos. No entanto, um crescente número de processos infeciosos em diferentes localizações tem sido referido. Abcessos cerebrais provocados por esta bactéria são extremamente raros, encontrando-se apenas quatro casos previamente descritos na literatura.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar abscess by Gemella morbillorum in a patient with inter-atrial communication

Lopes

Providência²,

Pais³

et al. 2007

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…Therefore, it can be initially misidentified as a viridans group streptococcus and reported as a part of the normal flora. This may explain why so few cases are reported (8,18,20,21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Meningitis Due toGemella haemolysansin a Pediatric Case

Anıl¹,

Ozkalay

Helvacı³

et al. 2007

J Clin Microbiol

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Gemella haemolysans is a rare pathogen in cases of bacterial meningitis. We present a case of meningitis due to G. haemolysans in a 17-month-old boy. This is the first reported case of Gemella meningitis in a child. The patient completely recovered following intravenous therapy with linezolid and chloramphenicol.A 17-month-old boy who was diagnosed at the age of 2 months with complex congenital heart disease (a perimembranous ventricular septal defect and a small patent ductus arteriosus) was admitted to the hospital with complaints of fever, vomiting, and loss of appetite for 2 days. A physical examination revealed an ill-appearing baby with a head circumference of 46.5 cm, a weight of 10,500 g, and a height of 77 cm. His body temperature was 39.2°C, his heart rate was 164/min, and his respiratory rate was 28/min. The anterior fontanelle was closed, and he had a grade 2/6 systolic murmur at the left sternal border. There was no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, and he had no sick contacts or trauma. He had received three doses of hepatitis B vaccine, as well as polio, diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, pertussis, and first Bacille Calmette-Guerin (recommended in the childhood immunization schedule in Turkey) vaccines, and had not received Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (recommended in the childhood immunization schedule in Turkey for 3 months). His medications included digoxin and spironalactone because of heart disease. There was no family history of invasive bacterial infection. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine samples were taken and sent to the laboratory for culture and biochemical analyses. The complete blood count showed a white blood cell count of 21,830/mm 3 , of which 74% were neutrophils, 8% were bands, 16% were lymphocytes, and 2% were monocytes; a hemoglobin level of 11.9 g/dl; and a platelet count of 170,000/mm 3 . His serum basic chemistry was normal, except for a glucose level of 183 mg/dl. The level of C-reactive protein was 30.4 mg/dl, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 56 mm/h. Serum immunoglobulin and subclass levels were normal, and the serum was negative for anti-HIV antibody. Urine analysis and a chest radiograph were normal. Transthoracic echocardiography was negative for endocarditis. CSF analyses showed a protein concentration of 102 mg/dl, a glucose concentration of 11 mg/dl, a red blood cell count of 250/mm 3 , and a white blood cell count of 4,500/mm 3 , of which 88% were neutrophils and 12% were lymphocytes. The CSF was negative by gram staining. The diagnosis was suspicion of bacterial meningitis, and empirical antibiotic treatment was started with ampicillin (300 mg/kg/ day) and cefotaxime (200 mg/kg/day) as part of our clinical protocol. Dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg/day, 4 days) was given intravenously before the first administrated antibiotic dose. The CSF specimen was cultured on 5% sheep blood, eosinmethylene blue, and chocolate agars at 35°C in 5 to 10% CO 2 for 48 to 72 h. Because of a suspicion of endocarditis, three pairs of aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures,...

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“…6 Microorganisms of the Gemella species are grampositive cocci and facultative anaerobic, catalase negative cocci found as a component of the human flora in the oropharynx, intestine and urogenital system. [7][8][9] Due to their opportunistic nature-like other human commensal bacteria-these species are capable of causing certain serious local and systemic infections, the most common of which are septicemia, 10 infections of the nervous system as meningitis, 11 septic arthritis, 8 liver abscesses, 12 and endocarditis. 7,13 This rare association with human infections is mainly described in immunodepressed patients or with underlying conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…G. hemolysans can cause endocarditis and meningitis, 11,15 while G. morbillorum causes endocarditis especially of native valves, and meningitis, among others. 7,8,13,16 Cases of bone and joint infections caused by Gemella species have been described such as septic arthritis and prosthetic joint infections, 17,18 while the appearance of spondylodiscitis is considered exceptional. In a review of medical literature using MEDLINE no cases of spondylodiscitis or epidural abscess caused by Gemella species were identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%