A Case of Kawasaki's Disease Combined with Septicemia

Emerging evidence of microbial infection in causing systematic immune vasculitis in Kawasaki disease

“…Furthermore, the stool of KD patients contains higher numbers of gram-positive bacteria, including Streptococcus , Staphylococcus , Eubacterium , and Peptostreptococcus genera, Hsp60-producing gram-negative bacteria, and a lower number of lactobacilli, when compared with those from healthy control children ( Yamashiro et al, 1996 ; Takeshita et al, 2002 ; Nagata et al, 2009 ). Specifically, three pathogens, S. pyogenes ( Leahy et al, 2012 ), S. mitis Nm-65 ( Tabata et al, 2021 ), and S. sanguis ( Tsurumizu et al, 1991 ), have been identified in the pleural fluid, tooth surface or blood of KD patients. Additionally, serum IgM antibodies against superantigens of S. aureus and S. pyogenes have been identified in KD patients ( Matsubara et al, 2006 ), and these two pathogens together can produce 19 different superantigens ( Llewelyn and Cohen, 2002 ).…”

“…pseudotuberculosis infection Vincent et al (2007) Specific molecules in the serum samples of KD share a common molecular structure with the microbe associated molecular pattern (MAMP) of Y. pseudotuberculosis Kusuda et al (2014) KD Patients associated with Y. pseudotuberculosis infection had significantly more frequent cardiac sequelae (CS) Horinouchi et al (2015) A KD-like patient who was positive for yersinia tuberculosis was diagnosed with far east scarlet fever Ocho et al (2018) LOOP-mediated isothermal amplification method identifies Y. pseudotuberculosis infection in KD patient Kato et al (2019) The symptom caused by pseudomeric mycobacterium tuberculosis infection resembles o the features observed in KD Kamura et al (2020)Propionibacterium acnesThe levels of anti-cytopathic protein (CPP) antibodies in serum of KD patients are increased during the acute phaseTomita et al (1987) The variant strain of P. acnes may have a causative role in KD and house-dust mites a role as vectorsKato et al (1983) Rickettsia-Lick organismThe clostridium bursteni is associated with KD instead of other rickettsiae pathogenKafetzis et al (2001) Streptococcus sanguisStreptococcus hemorrhage can be isolated from KD patients in acute stageTsurumizu et al (1991) Bacillus cereus KD specific molecules in serum share a common molecular structure with the MAMP of B. cereus Kusuda et al (2014). (Continued)…”