A Case of Hypercalcemia Associated with Castleman Disease

Washington, Terri; Vora, Avni; Mihăilescu, Dan

doi:10.4158/ep10110.cr

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thirteen case reports presented patients with a nonmalignant cause of superscans. In addition to kidney disease ( n = 2) (Campeau et al, 1987; Ohashi et al, 1991), hyperparathyroidism ( n = 3) (Benameur et al, 2017; Gupta et al, 2020; Zanglis et al, 2006) and hyperthyreose ( n = 1) (Koizumi & Matsumoto, 1998), rare diseases such as Castleman disease (Washington et al, 2010), osteopetrosis (Kim et al, 2001) and systemic mastocytosis presented as superscans (Khoury et al, 2003; Pinto‐Lopes et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of superscan on bone scintigraphy: A systematic review

Kovacsne

Kozon

Bentestuen

2023

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Introduction Bone scintigraphy (BS) is an important tool for detecting bone metastasis. BS with diffuse increased skeletal radioisotope uptake with absent or faint urinary tract and soft tissue activity is defined as a superscan. In this review, we investigate the different etiologies causing superscan and the reported frequency of superscan among different disease entities. Materials and Methods The search terms were ‘bone’ AND ‘superscan’ OR ‘superscan’ in the PubMed database from 1980 to November 2020. Eligibility criteria included the following: Peer‐reviewed studies containing original data using 99mTc‐phosphate‐analogue BS reporting a superscan pattern. Unretrievable papers, imaging modalities other than BS or with insufficient information to assess the aetiology were excluded. The abstracts of every paper and full texts of potentially eligible papers were assessed independently by three observers. Results Sixty‐seven papers were included (48 case reports and 19 cohort studies). Studies conducted in patients with osteomalacia or skeletal fluorosis revealed superscan in all patients. Other benign causes of superscan were hyperparathyroidism and kidney disease. Among papers with malignant cause, prostate cancer was the most common cause, followed by gastric cancer. The frequency of superscans ranged from 1.3% in a cohort of mixed cancer types up to 2.6% in patients with gastric cancer and up to 23% in a cohort of prostate cancer patients. Conclusion Superscan is most frequently seen in prostate cancer, but numerous other cancers and metabolic bone diseases can cause superscan, which should be kept in mind when encountering an unexpected superscan on BS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of superscan on bone scintigraphy: A systematic review

Kovacsne

Kozon

Bentestuen

2023

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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“…Kim et al reported an unusual presentation of the pararenal CD by mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus with persistent tongue ulcers and positive antinuclear antibody and antidouble-strained DNA (11). Some other atypical presentations of CD have been reported as urosepsis (12), papilledema (13), and hypercalcemia (14). Many growth factors and cytokines including IL-6, localized in paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas, and immunoreactive characteristics of these disorders have been described earlier (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retroperitoneal Castleman Disease Mimicking Paraganglioma in a Patient with Klinefelter Syndrome: A Case Report

Hepşen¹,

Özbek²,

Sencar³

et al. 2019

Turk J Endocrinol Metab

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“…Parathyroids are rarely assessed, but some cases with secondary hyperparathyroidism have been described. Therefore, it is important to establish if calcium levels are altered due to these glands' dysfunction or secondary to bone turnover [ 16 , 21 , 23 ]. The pituitary compromise is infrequent, with few reports of adenomas resulting in panhypopituitarism and acromegaly [ 21 , 24 - 25 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castleman Disease: A Rare Condition with Endocrine Manifestations

Cervantes¹,

Correa²

2015

Cureus

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Castleman disease (CD) most commonly affects lymphoid tissues in the thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and neck. Extralymphatic tissues, such as lacrimal glands, lung, pancreas, larynx, parotid, meninges, and even muscles, have also been reported as sites. The etiology is unknown and its incidence has not been reported in the literature. Castleman disease can be classified clinically into a unicentric or multicentric form, depending on the number of lymph nodes involved, and histologically into a hyaline vascular variant, plasma cell, mixed cellular, or plasmablastic variant. The disease has a predominantly inflammatory background, reflected in high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The role of cytokines in CD explains the clinical presentation. The clinical scenario varies widely, based mainly on the histologic type. Unicentric CD usually presents without symptomatology, whereas multicentric manifests with fatigue, abdominal or thoracic pain, cytopenias, and/or Bsymptoms (10% weight loss in the last six months, nocturnal diaphoresis, and fever). The endocrinopathy has a wide range of manifestations, affecting either the pituitary or other target organs. Achieving the diagnosis is complicated and there is no laboratory or imaging pathognomonic for this disease. The gold standard is an excisional biopsy from an affected lymph node. The treatment depends on the type of CD. Unicentric CD has a good response to excisional surgery. However, in multicentric CD (MCD), surgery may provide transient relief of symptoms but with a rebound effect, so it is not considered a good method. The use of chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, glucocorticoids, and thalidomide has shown some improvement in MCD.

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A Case of Hypercalcemia Associated with Castleman Disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Frequency of superscan on bone scintigraphy: A systematic review

Frequency of superscan on bone scintigraphy: A systematic review

Retroperitoneal Castleman Disease Mimicking Paraganglioma in a Patient with Klinefelter Syndrome: A Case Report

Castleman Disease: A Rare Condition with Endocrine Manifestations

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