“…The symptoms of HMO are shown after a laparotomy or abdominal injury in 16 cases. 1,3,4,6,7,[9][10][11]13,[19][20][21][22] In 3 cases reported, heterotopic bone formation was observed along an abdominal midline incision, which was thought to have led to the HMO. 2,7,10 However, this hypothesis may be incorrect, as 7 cases reported had not experienced an operation or abdominal injury prior to developing HMO.…”