A case of fulminant community-acquiredAcinetobacter baumanniipneumonia in Korea

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) is a common pathogen found in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia all over the world. Community-acquired AB pneumonia, however, is very rare and has seldom been reported in Asia-Pacific countries. Community-acquired AB pneumonia has a fulminant course and is associated with a higher mortality than hospital-acquired AB pneumonia. In Korea, no case of fatal community-acquired AB pneumonia has been reported to date. Here, we describe the first fatal case of fulminant community-acquired AB pneumonia in Korea.

Pneumonia associated withAcinetobacter baumanniiin a group of minks (Neovison vison)

“…These tend to have a much more fulminant course with an even higher mortality rate than the hospital-acquired cases since they are often associated with secondary bacteremia. The bacteria isolated in these community-acquired cases are suggested to have a higher sensitivity to antibiotics and this type of pneumonia is thought to predominantly occur in summer (Anstey et al 1992;Bick and Semel 1993;Yang et al 1997;Chen et al 2001;Leung et al 2006;Oh et al 2013). This is similar to the currently described case in minks.…”

Community-acquiredAcinetobacter baumannii: clinical characteristics, epidemiology and pathogenesis

“…Epidemiology CA-Ab infections predominantly occur in countries with tropical or sub-tropical climates (FIGURE 1), with the majority of cases being reported in Hong Kong [4], Singapore [20], Taiwan [3,5], South Korea [21] and Northern Australia [7,22]. CA-Ab infections are also more likely to occur in the humid months of the year, with between 71.4% [20] and 88% [7] of patients presenting to hospital during these months.…”

Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran: A Systemic Review of the Published Literature

“…Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, strictly aerobic, nonfermenting coccobacillus belonging to the Moraxellaceae family [1] . Species belonging to this genus are opportunistic pathogens with increasing relevance in both community-acquired and nosocomial infections, particularly among patients in intensive care units (ICUs) and high-dependency units (HDUs) [2–5] . These organisms have been implicated in various infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, and infections of the skin, soft tissues, urinary tract, and those originating from prosthetic devices [4,6] .…”

“…By contrast, it currently exerts resistance to nearly all major classes of antibiotics, including broad-spectrum penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, most aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines. In the past decade, multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates have shown global distribution [3] . Therefore, this pathogen has become a “red-alert” for the following reasons: rapid emergence of resistance, increased incidence, and the worldwide spread of MDR isolates [7] .…”

“…Therefore, this pathogen has become a “red-alert” for the following reasons: rapid emergence of resistance, increased incidence, and the worldwide spread of MDR isolates [7] . The rapid spread of MDR strains in nosocomial infections that exhibit resistance to most or all common antibiotics is a troubling evolution [3] . Thus, a study of the antibiotic resistance patterns both in individual hospitals and on countrywide levels may help to clarify the mode of A. baumannii antibiotic resistance spread and epidemiology worldwide [9] .…”