A case of endocarditis due to Granulicatella adiacens

Infective endocarditis due to Abiotrophia defectiva and Granulicatella spp. complicated by infectious intracranial cerebral aneurysms: a report of three cases and review of the literature

“…Such treatment failures may be due to the indolent nature of the infections as well as delays in the initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy because of the increased time required for isolation and identification of these organisms (Stein & Nelson, 1987;Perkins et al, 2003). Furthermore, the slower generation time for nutritionally variant streptococci (2-3 h) versus viridans streptococci (40-50 min) may attenuate the ability of beta-lactam antibiotics to kill organisms that do not maintain predictable log phase growth kinetics (Perkins et al, 2003;Jeng et al, 2005).…”

Native valve endocarditis and femoral embolism due to Granulicatella adiacens: a rare case report

“…Prior dental manipulations in past six months have emerged as a contributory factor for IE in the majority of reports. Most commonly affected valves are aortic valves and mitral valves.. 3,[8][9][10][11][12] In most cases the disease course is slow and indolent. Embolizations occur in one third of patients in the absence of classical symptoms of digital clubbing, Osler's nodes and petechiae.…”

Granulicatella infection: diagnosis and management

“…Cases have been reported for both G. adiacens (Chang et al, 2008;Christensen et al, 1999;Jeng et al, 2005;Lin & Hsu, 2007;Perkins et al, 2003;Hernando Real et al, 2007;Rosenthal et al, 2002;Schwede et al, 2007;Vandana et al, 2010;Woo et al, 2003) and G. elegans (Al-Tawfiq et al, 2007;Casalta et al, 2002;Ohara-Nemoto et al, 2005;Roggenkamp et al, 1998). These include infections of prosthetic valves (Christensen et al, 1999;Jeng et al, 2005;Schwede et al, 2007) and of pacemaker leads (Rosenthal et al, 2002).…”

“…Mixed valvular disease is not uncommon (5 of 21 cases; Lin & Hsu, 2007;Schwede et al, 2007), and many cases have required surgical intervention (Al-Tawfiq et al, 2007;Casalta et al, 2002;Chang et al, 2008;Christensen et al, 1999;Lin & Hsu, 2007;Roggenkamp et al, 1998). Combinations of either benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) (Christensen et al, 1999;Lin & Hsu, 2007;OharaNemoto et al, 2005;Schwede et al, 2007) or amoxicillin (Casalta et al, 2002;Perkins et al, 2003) with gentamicin are the most frequent antibiotic interventions. The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Society for Cardiology (ESC) all make recommendations for the treatment of NVS or Granulicatella in their endocarditis guidelines (Baddour et al, 2005;Gould et al, 2012;Habib et al, 2009).…”

“…Identification of isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of either bacterial isolates (Biermann et al, 1999;Ohara-Nemoto et al, 2005;Hernando Real et al, 2007;Woo et al, 2003) or of valvular tissue (Casalta et al, 2002), or identification by biochemical methods including API (Perkins et al, 2003;del Pozo et al, 2008;Rosenthal et al, 2002) and VITEK (bioMérieux; Altay et al, 2008), or combinations of approaches (Abdul-Redha et al, 2007;Al-Tawfiq et al, 2007;Lin & Hsu, 2007), have been previously reported.…”