A Case of Cutaneous Bronchogenic Cyst Presenting with Lymphoid Follicles

Abstract

Cutaneous bronchogenic cysts are rare, and stem from developmental abnormalities of the tracheobronchial tree. The condition is often misdiagnosed clinically, with the correct diagnosis usually established by histopathologic examination. Published reports of bronchogenic or branchial anomalies are increasing, and the traditional defining characteristics of location and histopathology are proving to be less reliable for the identification of cutaneous bronchogenic cysts. In this report, we describe a case of a cutaneous bronchogenic cyst that presented with unusual histologic features, and was associated with several lymphoid follicles.

Bronchogenic cysts with infection in the chest wall skin of a 64-year-old asymptomatic patient: A case report

“…Cysts are mainly located in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The cystic wall is composed of pseudo-complex respiratory cilia column epithelial cells and cup-shaped cells but sometimes contains smooth muscles and cartilage[ 14 , 15 ]. When the pathology cannot be clearly diagnosed, it has been suggested that the growth site of the lesion can be used as a criterion for the diagnosis of the disease.…”

“…We emphasize that the possibility of bronchogenic cysts should be considered by doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of patients when imaging examination suggests fluid-containing cysts. Since the cystic wall is composed of pseudo-complex respiratory cilia column epithelial cells, cup-shaped cells, smooth muscles and cartilage[ 14 , 15 ], we recommend that medical researchers should be able to identify some markers specific to bronchial cysts by comparing genetic or metabolite differences between different cyst types. At the same time, considering the cost of treating patients, it is necessary to establish some simple and low-cost methods to accurately identify the corresponding special markers.…”

Subcutaneous Nodule of the Midline Anterior Neck in an Infant

“…Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging can confirm the anomaly and evaluate for deeper extension. Histologically, cutaneous bronchogenic cysts exhibit pseudostratified columnar respiratory epithelium lining the cyst, sometimes accompanied by cartilage or concentric smooth muscle . Surgical resection is the treatment of choice, though asymptomatic cysts may not require removal …”

“…1,6 Cutaneous bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital developmental anomalies of the embryonic foregut that most frequently present as subcutaneous swellings or draining sinuses at the suprasternal notch or presternal area. 7,8 Unlike thyroglossal duct cysts, cutaneous bronchogenic cysts infrequently have overlying skin changes, though associated hyperkeratotic papules have been reported. 8 Moreover, cutaneous bronchogenic cysts are often situated in subcutaneous tissue and may enlarge and become productive of mucoid discharge, distinct from MANICs.…”

“…Histologically, cutaneous bronchogenic cysts exhibit pseudostratified columnar respiratory epithelium lining the cyst, sometimes accompanied by cartilage or concentric smooth muscle. 7,8 Surgical resection is the treatment of choice, though asymptomatic cysts may not require removal. 8 Eruptive vellus hair cysts (EVHCs) typically appear in individuals younger than 25 years as multiple flesh-colored to hyperpigmented papules on the chest, back, or abdomen.…”