A case of CD68 negative histiocytic sarcoma of axilla masquerading as metastatic breast cancer

Abstract

Histiocytic sarcoma is a malignant proliferation of cells showing morphological and immunophenotypic features of mature tissue histiocytes. Most of the cases in the literature have reported CD68 positivity. We report a case of histiocytic sarcoma whose presentation mimicked a metastatic breast cancer. A 40-year-female patient presented with a 13 × 11 cm left axillary mass in close proximity to the left breast. Tru-cut biopsy from the lesion suggested the diagnosis of a lymphoid neoplasm. Complete excision of the axillary mass was done. On simple microscopy, numerous mature small lymphocytes were seen dispersed in the follicles. Immunohistochemistry revealed CD31- and CD163-positive cells, which stained negative for CD68, CD1a, cytokeratin and S100; thus, confirming the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma.

Primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma

“…However, S100 is positive in approximately 33% of HS, therefore, a positive S100 does not rule out HS,. [ 9 ] In our case, pan-CK, EMA, GFAP, olig2 were negative but CD45 was positive, suggesting a lymphohematopoietic cell lineage.…”

“…3 ). [ 1 – 9 , 11 – 32 ] Brown et al reported the longest survival at greater than 60 months. The most common treatment reported was a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (Table 1 ).…”

Primary Histiocytic Sarcoma Presenting as a Breast Mass: A Case Report

“…Histiocytic sarcoma is known to occur in various organs; however, its association with the breast has rarely been reported. There have been a few reported case studies of histiocytic sarcoma invasions into the breast; however, the reported primary sites of the tumor in these case studies were the soft tissue of axilla and the subcutaneous breast tissue [27]. To the best of our knowledge, this case study is the first report of primary histiocytic sarcoma of the breast parenchyma.…”

Primary Histiocytic Sarcoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Connective tissue, respiratory system, and central nervous system are among the other areas that may be impacted [10]. After conducting a thorough search of the existing literature, it was discovered that only three previous instances of primary breast HS involvement have been documented [11][12][13] (Table 1). Histopathology examination with the aid of immunohistochemistry is essential to confirm the diagnosis due to the lack of specificity in radiology studies.…”

“…Connective tissue, respiratory system, and central nervous system are among the other areas that may be impacted [ 10 ]. After conducting a thorough search of the existing literature, it was discovered that only three previous instances of primary breast HS involvement have been documented [ 11 - 13 ] (Table 1 ).…”