A case of an enterorenal fistula and pyelonephritis with air in the renal pelvis

Abstract

We report on a 10-year-old boy with recurrent urinary tract infection. Renal ultrasound demonstrated the presence of air in the collecting system of the right kidney. The patient was examined radiologically and an enterorenal fistula was diagnosed. The case serves as a reminder that, although entero-renal fistulas are rare, they should be included in the differential diagnosis of recurrent urinary tract infections, especially if air is observed in the collecting system.

Abdominal pain in a female adolescent: answer

“…EPN has been referred to as renal emphysema, and various other terms have also been used to describe the infection, but EPN is the preferred term because it emphasizes the concurrent appearance of gas formation secondary to acute renal infection [4]. Other causes of gas within the urinary system include urologic endoscopic procedures and communicating fistulas [5].…”