A Case of Adenocarcinoma of Uterus Masculinus in a Pomeranian Dog

Abstract

Introduction: Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS), or uterus masculinus, is a rare autosomal recessive form of male pseudohermaphroditism due to the failure of paracrine anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) secretion by Sertoli cells or failure of the Müllerian ducts to respond to AMH secretion. The malignant degeneration of persistent Müllerian remnants is rare. In human medicine, few related reports exist. In veterinary medicine, this is the first report describing adenocarcinoma of the uterus masculinus involving the prostate in a dog. Clinical history: An 11-year-old, male, neutered Pomeranian dog was referred for computed tomography due to the suspicion of prostatic carcinoma based on ultrasound and cytological examinations. The computed tomography findings were consistent with a uterus masculinus mass with possible prostatic infiltration. Uterus masculinus removal and total prostatectomy were performed; termino-terminal urethral anastomosis was carried out. Dehiscence of the anastomosis was observed 3 days after surgery. The owner declined any further procedures, and the dog was euthanized 5 days after surgery. Histopathological evaluation revealed adenocarcinoma of the uterus masculinus. Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma of the uterus masculinus may occur, suggesting that patients with PMDS should be evaluated for malignant changes of Müllerian remnants.

Morphology of the genital organs of male and female giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

“…In electroejaculation procedures, ejaculate fractions with the same aspect have been collected in giant anteaters (personal observation, unpublished data). In other species, pathologies of Müllerian duct remnants have been reported, ranging from cystic degeneration ( Atilola & Pennock, 1986 ; Ritchey et al, 1988 ; Kato et al, 2002 ) or neoplasia ( Vignoli et al, 2020 ) to male pyometra ( Wu et al, 2009 ). It is important to bear in mind these potential pathologies in reproductive medicine of the giant anteater.…”

Clinical and diagnostic features of a paraprostatic cyst of a true uterus masculinus in a male cat presented with tenesmus

“…The UM is a vestigial embryological remnant of the Müllerian duct system present in males 15 . Its presence is usually asymptomatic; however, occasionally clinical signs such as urinary retention and incontinence, fever, pollakiuria, stranguria or tenesmus are seen 4–6,10,13,16 . In this cat, only tenesmus was reported due to the enlargement of the cyst and the consequent mass effect on the intrapelvic colon.…”

“…15 Its presence is usually asymptomatic; however, occasionally clinical signs such as urinary retention and incontinence, fever, pollakiuria, stranguria or tenesmus are seen. [4][5][6]10,13,16 In this cat, only tenesmus was reported due to the enlargement of the cyst and the consequent mass effect on the intrapelvic colon. Despite the size of the cyst, no urinary signs were described.…”

“…7,8 UM, or persistent Mullerian duct syndrome, is a rare condition reported in dogs, horses, cats and humans. It is the vestigial remnant of the paramesonephric ducts that should regress soon after testicular development, 9,10 and has been associated with constipation, dysuria and anuria in dogs. 11 Mullerian structures including uterus, oviducts, cervix and cranial vagina could be present in dogs with UM.…”

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of associated papillary lung adenocarcinoma to canine distemper: case report

“…Histopathological examination provides a confirmatory diagnosis, through microscopic analysis of the affected tissue to detect lesions characteristic of adenocarcinoma (VIGNOLI et al, 2020), as well as molecular analysis methods, such as immunohistochemistry, which allows confirmation of the diagnosis by detecting specific antigens, favoring a prognostic and oncological assessment of the patient affected by the neoplasm (IGUCHI et al, 2019;KITA et al, 2022).…”