A Case of Acute Retinal Necrosis Associated with Reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus after COVID-19 Vaccination

Iwai, Seima; Takayama, Kei; Sora, Daisuke; Takeuchi, Masaru

doi:10.1080/09273948.2021.2001541

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Herpetic eye disorders have previously been reported after mRNA and vector vaccines, and presented as conjunctivitis, stromal keratitis, and herpes zoster ophthalmicus [29]. ARN has previously been reported to occur after the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompetent individuals [30,31], or in COVID-19 positive patients [32]. Our study demonstrated that ARN might occur after vaccinatin with an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine as well.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ocular Adverse Events after Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccination

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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Purpose: To report the clinical characteristics of ocular adverse events that have occurred, in China, after vaccination with inactivated COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted of ocular disorders that occurred within 15 days from any dose of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Information on gender, age, the interval between the vaccination and ocular symptoms, laterality, duration of the ocular symptoms, primary visual acuity, and clinical diagnosis were retrospectively collected. Results: Twenty-four patients were involved in the study, including 15 females and 9 males, with a mean age of 41 ± 16 years (range of 8–71 years). The patients all denied a prior history of COVID-19 infection. Ocular adverse events occurred after the first dose of vaccine in 18 patients and, after the second or third doses, in six patients. The interval between vaccination with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and ocular symptoms was 6 ± 5 days; six patients were bilaterally involved and 18 patients were unilaterally involved. Regarding the diagnosis, 10 patients were diagnosed with white dot syndrome (WDS), 9 patients were diagnosed with uveitis, and 5 patients were diagnosed with retinal vascular disorders. The ages of patients with WDS were younger than those with uveitis or retinal vascular disorders (32 ± 10 vs. 48 ± 18, p < 0.05). For patients diagnosed with WDS, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.74 ± 0.73 LogMAR. For patients diagnosed with retinal vascular disorders or uveitis, the BCVA was 1.44 ± 1.26 LogMAR. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusions: A relationship cannot be established between inactivated COVID-19 vaccines and ocular disorders; therefore, further investigation of the clinical spectrum of ocular adverse events after vaccination with an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine is necessary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ocular Adverse Events after Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccination

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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“…Gupta and colleagues reported an atypical bilateral acute retinal necrosis in a 75-year-old immunosuppressed lady (systemic lupus erythematosus and relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma), who received chemotherapy 2 months before ocular involvement; vitreous sample PCR was positive for Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) ( 46 ). Others have also reported reactivation of VZV, presenting as ARN, following COVID-19 infection ( 47 ) or vaccination ( 48 , 49 ). Soni and colleagues also reported two cases of ARN, 1 month after recovery from COVID-19, one was a 5-year-old child with extensive peripheral necrotizing retinitis (treated by oral valacyclovir), and the other was a 61-year-old man with bilateral retinal detachment, sieve-like breaks, and optic atrophy (treated by surgery) ( 50 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• (46). Others have also reported reactivation of VZV, presenting as ARN, following COVID-19 infection (47) or vaccination (48,49). Soni and colleagues also reported two cases of ARN, 1 month after recovery from COVID-19, one was a 5-year-old child with extensive peripheral necrotizing retinitis (treated by oral valacyclovir), and the other was a 61-year-old man with bilateral retinal detachment, sieve-like breaks, and optic atrophy (treated by surgery) (50).…”

Section: Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on overview of ocular manifestations of COVID-19

Akbari

Dourandeesh²

2022

Front. Med.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become the most critical health crisis at present, and research is continued about the exact pathophysiology, presentations, and complications of this pandemic. It influences several organs, and many studies have addressed the organs, the involvement of which during the COVID-19 results in patients' death. One of the important organs that can be involved during COVID-19, which is also a transmission route of the disease, is the eye. According to the evidence, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can have ocular manifestations and complications. According to the literature, conjunctivitis is the most common presentation, which can develop at any stage of COVID-19 (during and even after the disease), and the major pathophysiology of the eye involvement during the disease is attributed to the direct effect of the virus on the eyes, tissue damage caused by inflammation, underlying diseases, and the adverse effect of the medications prescribed. There are also reports of life-threatening complications, such as rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis, which require urgent treatment and are associated with a great mortality rate. Ocular manifestations may also be the presentation of a life-threatening event, such as stroke; therefore, it is necessary to pay great attention to the ocular manifestations during COVID-19. In this review, after about 2 years of the pandemic started, we present a narrative review on ocular manifestations during COVID-19, categorized into three main categories; ophthalmic, orbital, and neuro-ophthalmological manifestations with a detailed description of the presenting symptoms, risk factor, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies suggested for each.

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“…Some reactivated cases of varicella zoster virus presented as acute retinal necrosis. 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 There are few case reports that detail the reactivation of chorioretinal disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination. 49 , 50 , 51 The inflammatory effect of COVID-19 is considered to be the mechanism of action on highly vascularized choroid tissue, resulting in chorioretinal inflammation.…”

Section: Ocular Manifestations Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%